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Conflict, Security, & Cooperation

Conflict, Security, & Cooperation . Conflict , Security, & Cooperation. About C, S, & C Types of Force Conventional Unconventional Approaches to State Security The cooperation continuum. About Conflict, Cooperation, & Security. 4 Main Conflict Changes over Time.

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Conflict, Security, & Cooperation

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  1. Conflict, Security, & Cooperation

  2. Conflict, Security, & Cooperation • About C, S, & C • Types of Force • Conventional • Unconventional • Approaches to State Security • The cooperation continuum

  3. About Conflict, Cooperation, & Security

  4. 4 Main Conflict Changes over Time • Increase in arms transfers • Cold War and post-Cold War http://www.oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/?attachment_id=11544

  5. 4 Main Conflict Changes over Time • Increase in severity • Technology http://www.cleveland.com/world/index.ssf/2008/12/92_nations_sign_treaty_to_ban.html

  6. 4 Main Conflict Changes over Time • Increase in frequency • Decolonization • Civil unrest  http://www.economist.com/node/12758508?subjectid=7933596&story_id=12758508

  7. http://bpm-americas.blogspot.com/2010/03/summary-para-states-quasi-states-and.htmlhttp://bpm-americas.blogspot.com/2010/03/summary-para-states-quasi-states-and.html

  8. 4 Main Conflict Changes over Time • Change in focus of security • Guns and bombs • Human security • GN v. GS UNDOC.org Guatemalan Convenience Store Guard

  9. Consequences of Conflict • Creates hostilities • Interferes with trade • Forestalls development • Spill-over effect • Emigration http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-19473478

  10. Types of Force

  11. Conventional Force Conventional • Legitimate control of force • Disputes between states • Wars • Aggression • Disputes within states • Intervention

  12. Unconventional Force: States • Special operations • Overt v. Covert • State-sponsored terrorism • Sudan, Afghanistan, Somalia al-Qaeda • RwandaM23 Congo rebels http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18612612

  13. Unconventional Force: Non-States Non-states • Terrorist acts • Cyber attacks • Piracy

  14. Unconventional: Non-State Terrorism • What is it? • Targets • Domestic, int’l • Objectives • Attention • Challenge gov’t • Coup d’état • Assassinations, guerrilla warfare • Peru’s Shining Path • Independence • Basque separatist group Eta

  15. Terrorist Acts: Domestic Why might domestic opposition be considered terrorism? Kurdish Worker’s Party (PKK) in Turkey • Lack political representation • Freedom fighters v. terrorists

  16. Terrorist Acts: International • Not new phenomenon • Organize, attack across borders • Al Qaeda, Taliban • Cold War v. post-Cold War • Colonization • Target US, western culture http://warnewsupdates.blogspot.com/2012/05/us-involvement-in-yemens-war-against-al.html

  17. Piracy • Recently revived • Int’l waters • More common near ‘troubled’ states • Somalia • Nigeria http://www.economist.com/node/18061574

  18. Cyber-Attacks Target  infrastructure • Defense systems • Communication systems • Energy providers • Economic services Shamoon virus targeted Aranco -Replaced systems files with image -Garbage data -30,000 machines infected/ destroyed http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-19922421

  19. The Cooperation Continuum

  20. The Cooperation Continuum

  21. Unilateral Self-Defense • Traditional approach to securing a state • Self-reliance • Military http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_military_expenditures

  22. Limited Self Defense • Bilateral or multilateral • Arms limitation pacts • Conventional • Antipersonnel Mine Treaty • Nuclear • Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) • Chemical • Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) • Biological • Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) http://www.rainbowfund.org/landmines/

  23. International Security Forces • Collective security • More cooperation • IGOs • Regional • Int’l

  24. International Security Forces: Regional • NATO • Afghanistan • ECOWAS • Mali • Why intervene? • Interests

  25. International Security Forces: IGOs • INTERPOL • UN • Peacekeeping • Peacemaking • Peacebuilding I800 C monitors http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18379696

  26. Abolition of War • Pacifism • Moral issue • Bottom-up • Activities • Gandhi • MLK • George Clooney • Total disarmament • Cooperation http://www.kentlaw.edu/perritt/courses/seminar/2005-spring-papers/zahorsky-Seminar%20Paper%20on%20Global%20Arms%20Trade.htm

  27. Conflict, Security, & Cooperation • About: Changes • Conventional & unconventional force • Cooperation

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