What’s Due? Wed, Nov. 1: Article summary (online resources)

1. HS 325►Overuse Injuries► Social, Cultural, and Multicultural constraints in Motor Development► Teaching Styles What’s Due? Wed, Nov. 1: Article summary (online resources) Mon, Nov. 6: Two school recess observations due by today

2. Preventing Overuse Accentuate general fitness and avoid excessive volume All programs should include conditioning and flexibility Avoid early, intense sport specialization Follow the 10% rule initially, then adjust for each individual Follow proper training progression Carefully monitor training during adolescent growth spurt Appropriate Supervision- Correct sports technique

3. (Overuse) Red FlagsRapid GrowthInflexibility (muscle Imbalance)Prior InjuryInadequate ConditioningAnatomic MisalignmentToo-rapid training progressionInadequate RestInappropriate equipment/footwearUneven or hard surfacesIncorrect Sport TechniqueAdult or Peer Pressure

4. Ch. 11& 12 Social, Cultural, and Psychosocial Constraints in Motor Development • Gender • Race • Ethnicity • Socioeconomic Status

5. Gender-Role Stereotypes

6. Then: Hopkinton, Mass., April 19, 1967 - Who says Chivalry is dead? - A girl listed as "K. Switzer of Syracuse" found herself about to be thrown out of normally all-male Boston Marathon today when a husky companion Thomas Miller of Syracuse threw block that tossed race official out of the running instead. Sequence shows Jock Semple, official, moving in to intercept Miss Switzer then being bounced himself by Miller. Photos by Harry Trask of Boston Traveler.

7. Affect of Significant Others on Physical Activity Socialization • Family Members • Parents • Siblings • Peers • Coaches and Teachers

8. Psychosocial Constraints in Motor Development • Self-Esteem • Perceived Competence Low Levels may result in unwillingness to try challenging tasks, a lack of effort to do well, avoidance of participation • Motivation Persistence p. 213 Dropping Out p. 214

9. Self Concept • Personal assessment of one’s worthiness- • The Attitude one holds towards him/herself (not in comparison to others) • Self-Esteem Self-description based on how others view us Social~ Physical ~ Academic Both influence one’s perception of competence and worthiness

10. Components of a Positive Self –Concept p.123 • Belonging • Worthiness • Uniqueness • Perceived Competence • Acceptance of Self • Virtue

11. There are no short cuts to building self –confidence!

12. Implications for physical educators

13. Cooperative Learning • Fosters positive socialization • Working with others to achieve a common goal

14. Factors thatAffect Affective Development p. 137 • Encouragement • Goal-Setting • Self-Assessment • Moral Dilemmas

15. Implications for Teaching Developmental P.E.

16. Developmentally Appropriate ActivitiesProper Skill ProgressionIndividualizedReasonable GoalsChallengingPositive ReinforcementSafe Environment(Mistakes OK Zone)

17. What are some ways to convey to your students that‘winning isn’t everything?’(intentionally and unintentionally)

18. Real-World Situation:The Teachers’ Lounge p. 133 • When is having a conversation about difficulty you are having with a student productive, and when is it counter-productive?

19. What is a Teaching Style? • A specific set of decisions made by the instructor to achieve the learning objectives of a lesson.

20. Why Use Multiple Teaching Styles? • Personal Choice/preference • Tradition • Student Diversity • Multiple Objectives

21. Direct Teacher-Centered Command Practice Reciprocal (Learning Lab Mon.) Self-Check Inclusion(learning Lab Mon.) Indirect Learner Centered Guided Discovery Convergent Discovery Divergent Discovery The Spectrum of Teaching Styles p. 231

22. Direct Teaching Styles • Teacher -Centered • Teacher makes most of the decisions • Based of Behavioral Learning Theory • Learning occurs from the outside in from the correct reproduction of events/technique

23. What are the advantages of using a DIRECT teaching style? Works well with large groups of children Structured (conducive to good class control) Efficient, clear, straightforward Usually easy to plan and organize

24. INDIRECT Teaching Styles • Learner(child)-Centered Child is at center of learning process • Learning to Learnthrough experimentation, problem-solving, etc. • Based on Cognitive Learning Theory-Learning is an internal process that occurs from the inside out through incorrect attempts • Process (of learning)is just as important as the product

25. What are the advantages of using an INDIRECT teaching style? • Helps children become involved in their own learning • Allows for individual differences between learners • All students can find a degree of success at their individual level of ability

26. Selecting a Teaching Style for a Lesson • What are the considerations that relate to Learner Characteristics?

27. Factors to ConsiderRefer to chart on p. 243 • Stage of motor development • Level of movement skill learning • Level of cognitive comprehension • Fitness Level • Self-Control • Interest

28. What is YOUR preferred LearningStyle? What is your preferred TEACHING style?

29. Have a great weekend!(Pay attention to your personal style)