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Court Rolls of England

Court Rolls of England. Of the Manor of Tillingham, Essex By: Beth Alamo. Tillingham, England. Today’s Stats: Population: 959 Church: St. Nicholas Junior School 2 Public Houses Railway Station Mobile Library. Where is Tillingham?. Map of Tillingham (1881). Tillingham Facts.

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Court Rolls of England

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  1. Court Rolls of England Of the Manor of Tillingham, Essex By: Beth Alamo

  2. Tillingham, England • Today’s Stats: • Population: 959 • Church: St. Nicholas • Junior School • 2 Public Houses • Railway Station • Mobile Library

  3. Where is Tillingham?

  4. Map of Tillingham (1881)

  5. Tillingham Facts • King Ethelbert ceded it to Bishop Mellitus of St. Paul about AD 610 • The oldest manor owned by St. Paul’s Cathedral Tillingham Walk St. Nicholas Church King Ethelbert

  6. St. Paul’s Cathedral, London Famous Happenings in Cathedral: • Funeral of Sir Winston Churchill • Princess Di wedding • Queen Mother’s 100th b-day

  7. A little review of history… • 1642–1660 Civil War. Charles I executed in 1649. Oliver Cromwell became Lord Protector of England. Bishop’s courts abolished. Many other changes affect record-keeping. • 1660 Charles II restored as monarch, ending civil strife. Bishop’s courts restored. • 1688–1689 William of Orange from Holland crowned King of England. • 1707 England and Wales unite with Scotland to form the United Kingdom. • 1733 English replaces Latin in official records.

  8. Manorial Court Rolls • Kept in Latin until early 18th century • Give local historical, topographical, genealogical, and demographic clues. • Two types held: • The Court Baron • Every 3 weeks • The Court Leet • Every 6 months • See chapter 5 of Stuart for more information on searching court records.

  9. Common Vocabulary Essonia……………….……..Excuses for non-attendance presented by a proxy Liberi……………………………………...…free tenants of the Lord of the Manor Villani………………………...…………………………..unfree tenants of the Lord Afferatores………………………………………………………………....assessors Ideo [est]…………………………………...…..”Therefore he/she is” or “they are” Querens…………………………………………………………………….....plaintiff Ad prosequendum………………………………...…plaintiff’s prosecuting case Defendens…………………………………………………………………defendant Ad respondendum……………………………….defendant’s reply to the charge Vadio legem………………….wagering the law (i.e. brining in compurgators to ………………………………….…………vouch for the truth of their statements.)

  10. Common Phrases In misericordia…………………….”he is in mercy” (accused party is found guilty) Ad opus et usum…………………………………………...……….”use and behoof” Per virgam………………………………”by the rod” (shows transfer of tenement) Fecit fidelitatem……………………………oath of allegiance made by new tenant Factum et renovatum………………………...when a rental is made and renewed Ad hanc curiam…………………………………………………………”To this court”

  11. Letter Samples

  12. The Document

  13. Transcription Ad hanc curiam venit Sara Stevens nuper uxor Isaaci Stevens defuncti nuper Tenens custumare Manarii perdiet et profeut hicin Curia sub sigillo testimentum et ultimum voluntatem perefatum Isaaci Stevens ___ dat vicesimo primo die Decembris ultime perterito Curius tenor sequit_ in har verba, HENCE I give and bequeath unto Sara my loveing wife all that my tenement and landes called and taking with the Marsh containeing by estimation ffourz acres with all and singuler there appurtenances lying and being in Tillingham in the county of Essex to have and to holde to her and her assigned during the tenure of her naturall life. SUPERQUO perefatum Sara praesentis fuit in curiam petit se inde ad permissa ___ admitti cuiria ___ Sin ___ sun_ perdeliba ei inde semia permissorum per virgam Habendum premissa perdiiteum fuit per__ ___ perfates Sara per et durant termino vita sua naturalis tenendum de dominis ad volunt deiorum fidelitatem Manarii p_ per fidelitatum fuit in Curia reddidit per Anna etaba servitia inde primo debita et druirteon fuit a et dat ___ de fuit pertali statii suam de Gabeudo putgo__ Et admissa est tenens fecit fidelitatem suam. : /.

  14. Translation To this court comes Sara Stevens, not long ago wife of Isaac Stevens, not long ago worn out [died recently], to the custom of the Manor gives the 21st day of December the final wishes through the declaration of Isaac Stevens, the following is uninterrupted his words: HENCE I give and bequeath unto Sara my loving wife all that my tenement and lands called and taking with the Marsh containing by estimation forty-four acres with all and singular there appurtenances lying and being in Tillingham in the county of Essex to have and to hold to her and her assigned during the tenure of her natural life.….MORE OVER Sara’s wishes were presented in court, herself seeking thus by permission “by the rod” [transfer of tenement] to have and to hold by permission having lost a very familiar friend [her husband] Sara for until the end of her natural life, by the will of the Lord [Judge] solumnly swear faithfulness to the Manor…was faithful in court…by Anna who was a servant thus a prior debt and was hired out……………..…and did fealty and was thereupon admitted tenant. ( 2 lbs. 1 shilling charged)

  15. More about Isaac Stevens Essex, Hertfordshire: Chelmsford - Wills, 1620-1720 Index To Wills Now Preserved In The Essex Record Office Chelmsford 1620-1720 • Isaac Stevens, yeoman, 1627

  16. Sources • http://www.angelfire.com/in/uktravelinfo/stpauls.html • http://www.stpauls.co.uk • http://www.francisfrith.com/archive/england/essex/tillingham/maps/ • http://paleo.anglo-norman.org/court1.html • http://www.medievalgenealogy.org.uk/guide/man.shtml • Stuart, Denis. Latin for Local and Family Historians. England: Phillimore & Co., 1995.

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