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Matthias Schmidt , Christian Roßkopf, Marc Linder, Antje Wörner

High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage: Operation Modes of a 10kW Pilot Reactor based on CaO / Ca (OH) 2. Matthias Schmidt , Christian Roßkopf, Marc Linder, Antje Wörner. Content. Introduction to thermochemical energy storage based on CaO / Ca (OH) 2 Material properties

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Matthias Schmidt , Christian Roßkopf, Marc Linder, Antje Wörner

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  1. High TemperatureThermochemicalHeat Storage:Operation Modes of a 10kW Pilot Reactorbased on CaO/Ca(OH)2 Matthias Schmidt, Christian Roßkopf, Marc Linder, Antje Wörner

  2. Content • Introduction to thermochemical energy storage based on CaO/ Ca(OH)2 • Material properties • Reactor design and test bench development • Experimental results of different operation modes • Summary and outlook

  3. Temperature[°C] 496 441 560 394 727 636 352 315 ThermochemicalHeat Storage reactionsystemCaO/Ca(OH)2 • Loss free storage of chemical potential • Adjustable storage temperature • Possibility of heat transformation Ca(OH)2(s) exotherm H2O(g) H2O(g) CaO(s) + H2O(g) ⇌Ca(OH)2(s) + ΔH CaO(s) endotherm

  4. From a reactionsystemto a heatstoragesystemoperationprinciple Processintegration: Gashandling Reactor Design Reaction Material Properties

  5. Thermophysical properties: Fine powder (d50 ~ 5 µm) low permeability Low thermal conductivity (0.1 – 0.4 W/mK) Material Properties - CaO/Ca(OH)2 Chemical properties: • Reversible reaction (400-600°C) • Sufficiently fast rates of reaction • No chemical degradation observed F. Schaube et al., ThermochimicaActa, 2012 Ca(OH)2 (4 Cycl) commericalavailableCa(OH)2

  6. Pilot Reactor Design (10kW; 25 kg Ca(OH)2)indirectlyoperatedfixedbed Source: DEG Eingineering

  7. Reaction Gas Handlingvaporpressure holder(10mbar – 3bar)

  8. Multifunctional Pilot Plantoverall experimental set up for CaO/Ca(OH)2 reactor

  9. Multifunctional Pilot Plantoverall experimental set up for CaO/Ca(OH)2 reactor

  10. Multifunctional Pilot Plantoverall experimental set up for CaO/Ca(OH)2 reactor

  11. Multifunctional Pilot Plantoverall experimental set up for CaO/Ca(OH)2 reactor M. Schmidt et al., Applied Thermal Energy 62 (2014)

  12. Multifunctional Pilot Plantoverall experimental set up for CaO/ Ca(OH)2 reactor M. Schmidt et al., Applied Thermal Energy 62 (2014)

  13. Charging ModedehydrationofCa(OH)2 atph2O = 100mbar

  14. Buffer Storage Modedropinginlettemperature, hydrationofCaOat 1 bar vapor Tequilibrium= 490°C @ (ph2O ~ 1bar)

  15. Heat Generation ModeHydration ofCaO, startingtemperatureof 350°C

  16. Summary and Outlook • CaO / Ca(OH)2 combines low material costs with high storage density • Reactor for 25kg (10 kWh) and 10 kW in operation • Charging at temperatures >400°C demonstrated • Discharging at adjustable temperatures (400-600°C) and in different operation modes possible • Development of integration strategies(CSP and other applications) • Performance evaluation through system modeling • Material modifications to improve conveyance

  17. Thank you! Matthias Schmidt German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Technical Thermodynamics matthias.schmidt@dlr.de www.DLR.de

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