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Phytohormone Profiling of Wheat Seedlings in Responses to Hessian Fly Infestation

Phytohormone Profiling of Wheat Seedlings in Responses to Hessian Fly Infestation. Lieceng Zhu 1 , Xiang Liu 2 , Ming-Shun Chen 3 1 Fayetteville State University 2 North Carolina State University 3 USDA-ARS in Manhattan, Kansas. Wheat - Hessian Fly Interaction A gene for gene model.

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Phytohormone Profiling of Wheat Seedlings in Responses to Hessian Fly Infestation

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  1. Phytohormone Profiling of Wheat Seedlings in Responses to Hessian Fly Infestation Lieceng Zhu1, Xiang Liu2, Ming-Shun Chen3 1Fayetteville State University 2North Carolina State University 3USDA-ARS in Manhattan, Kansas

  2. Wheat - Hessian Fly Interaction A gene for gene model Virulent Avirulent Incompatible Control Compatible

  3. N C C N C N Characteristics of Larval Feeding • Physically damage plants • Limited to a few cells • Induces nutritive tissue formation at feeding sites(Harris et al. 2006) • Sessile • Feed like pathogen CK • Shift in carbon & nitrogen metabolism (Zhu et al. 2008) • Differential genome-wide gene expression (Liu et al. 2007) S R

  4. Question How are responses of wheat seedlings to Hessian fly feeding regulated?

  5. Phytohormone Profiling • Determine concentration of several types of phytohormone simultaneously GC-MS Analysis Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Detector • Separator

  6. Treatments

  7. Results & Discussions

  8. Phytohormone Profiling • 10 phytohormone/related compounds detected • IAA, SA, CA, BA, JA, OPDA, 18:3, 18:1, 18:2 & 18:0 FA • IAA, SA, JA, OPDA, 18:1, 18:3 were affected at feeding sites • No changes in second leaves • Implication: Impacts of HF feeding on phytohormones is localized

  9. Compatible Interaction • IAA increased • Major form of Auxin • Implication: IAA contributes to susceptibility

  10. Incompatible Interaction • SA & OPDA increased • Concentration (ng/ g fresh weight) 11 fold SA 8 fold OPDA 35 fold 18 fold

  11. Membrane lipids 18:3 FA LOX2 AOS AOC OPDA OPR3 JA • 18:3 & 18:1 FA increased • JA decreased at 24 H • Implication: • JA may not regulate resistance • OPDA & SA may regulate resistant responses Response

  12. Membrane lipids 24H 48H 72H 18:3 FA C R S C R S C R S LOX2 LOX 2 AOS AOS AOC OPDA At VSP2 OPR3 28S RNA JA Gene Expression in JA Pathway • LOX2 & AOS: Compatible Incompatible • AtVSP2: Compatible Incompatible at 24 & 48H • Implication: • OPDA was regulated at transcription level • AtVSP2 may be induced by OPDA • AtVSP2 is important in resistance AtVSP2 (JA responsive)

  13. Summary • Impact of HF larval feeding is localized • OPDA & SA may act together in wheat resistance to HF • IAA plays a role in susceptibility of wheat plants • Increases in OPDA in incompatible interaction is partially regulated through gene transcription • AtVSP2 protein may be induced by OPDA & is critical to wheat resistance to HF

  14. Acknowledgement • KSU Lipidomics Center • Dr. Richard Jeannotte, Ms. Alex Sparks • Grant P20 MD001089 from the National Institutes of Health, NCMHD, the Department of Health & Human Services

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