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Stress: Individual Differences

Stress: Individual Differences. Type A behaviour pattern Hardiness Locus of control. www.psychlotron.org.uk. Type A Behaviour. Type A Competitive Time urgent Hostile and aggressive. Type B Relaxed One thing at a time Express feelings. www.psychlotron.org.uk. Type A Behaviour.

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Stress: Individual Differences

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  1. Stress: Individual Differences • Type A behaviour pattern • Hardiness • Locus of control www.psychlotron.org.uk

  2. Type A Behaviour Type A Competitive Time urgent Hostile and aggressive Type B Relaxed One thing at a time Express feelings www.psychlotron.org.uk

  3. Type A Behaviour • Lots of research e.g. • Friedman & Rosenman (1959; 1974), Matthews et al (1977), Ganster et al (1991) • Hostility seems to be critical factor • Relationship probably due to strain on CV system, hormonal effects • Association between TABP and CHD is moderate at best www.psychlotron.org.uk

  4. Hardiness • The tree survives not because it stands up rigidly to the weather, but because it bends with the wind • Commitment – engage, don’t avoid • Control – try to influence outcomes • Challenge – view stress as part of life, a challenge to be learned from www.psychlotron.org.uk

  5. Hardiness • Some research support e.g. • Kobasa et al (1982; 1985), Funk (1992) • Hardy individuals seem to experience fewer stress-related illnesses • Problems with confounding factors (e.g. exercise, social support) and restricted samples • Correlational data – problems of cause & effect www.psychlotron.org.uk

  6. The extent to which an individual believes they are in control of their destiny (internal LOC) or are at the mercy of events (external LOC) Locus of Control www.psychlotron.org.uk

  7. Locus of Control • Interaction of LOC with stress is difficult to predict: • Internals might get more stressed as they feel they should be able to control things • Externals might get more stressed as they feel they can’t do anything • Probably depends on intensity and predictability of the stressor www.psychlotron.org.uk

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