Development & Implementation of a SCADA System for Load Control of the Power System Simulator (PSS)

1. United Arab Emirates University College Of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department Graduation Project (II) Development & Implementation of a SCADA System for Load Control of the Power System Simulator (PSS) Student Name: ID# Ahmed Fayez Fikry 199905252 Khalid Yousuf 199900237 Moh' d Hashem Al Kilani 199901444 Salman Al katheeri 199900317

2. Software Part Troubleshoot ISaGraF

3. Troubleshooting • I/O port in the PC

4. Troubleshooting • XOR operation (00 or 11  0) • (01 or 10  1)

5. Troubleshooting • RTU Diagnostic Switch mode (FE)

6. Under Voltage logic

7. Variables in ISaGRAF

8. Hardware Part

9. Trouble shooting • Check the electric drawing of the PSS. • Connection Check. • Make sure that all the safety considerations are functioning well (Interlocks). • Monitor the response time of the system and try to improve it.

10. Adding generator II • An Extra standby Generator will be added to the system • Generator II will be used in case Generator I fails. • This will increase the system reliability if one generator goes down the loads will still be fed by power. • Adding an extra generator to the system will increase the loads that can be supplied by power.

11. Advantages of parallel operations • Several generators can supply bigger loads than one machine itself. • Increase reliability (what is reliability?). - If one fails the total power is not lost. • If many generators - can shut down one and do the maintenance. • If only one generator, then when operating at low load it is inefficient.

12. Parallel Operation conditions The two generators must have • Same rms line voltages. • Same phase sequence. • Same phase angle. • Almost same frequency. • Same phase sequence. • Then the two generators can be put in parallel operation.

13. Parallel Operation • A syncrocheck

14. Power Factor • Real Power (P) • Reactive Power (Q) • Apparent Power (S) • S = P + jQ • PF = P/S = cos θ • 0 < PF <1 • "leading" or "lagging" to show the sign of the phase angle between the voltage and current.

15. Reactive Power

16. Troubleshooting

17. PF Logic

18. Capacitor Logic

19. Troubleshooting • Checking the type of wires used in the connection and there compatibility. (shielded wires or unshielded)

20. Troubleshooting • Checking the circuit diagrams and the electric drawings of the of the PSS. • Making sure the safety precautions are working properly (Interlocks).

21. Adding Generator II • Generator II will be added to the system allowing: • Feeding more loads with power • Increase system reliability. • Allows parallel operation with Generator I.

22. Adding Generator II • In order to add Generator II to the system the following components are required: • Active power transducer • Voltage Transducer. • Current Transducer. • Frequency Transducer.

23. Transducers • A transducer is a device that converts one type of energy to another, or responds to a physical parameetr, generally it has two electrical terminals.

24. Parallel Operation advantages • Supplying bigger loads • Increase the system reliability i.e: if one Generator goes down the network is still supplied with power. • If one generator is open for maintenance the network is still supplied with power.

25. Parallel Operation conditions • Same RMS voltage. • Same Phase sequence. • Same Phase difference. • Almost same frequency • When these conditions are met it’s only then that the parallel operation is possible.

26. Synchroscope • The Synchroscope will be used to check the frequency and the phase difference of the 2 generators. • It will alert the user when the two generators are ready to be synchronized.

27. Synchroscope • The rotation of the pointer is with reference to the bus voltage. • Clockwise Generator frequency > BUS frequency.  speed of the generator must be reduced. • Anticlockwise Generator frequency < BUS frequency.  speed of the generator must be increased.

28. Thanks for Listening, If You have any Questions please Ask.