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1. Introduction 1.1 Spatial Queries 1.2 Classification of GIS Analytical Functionality

Lecture 17: GIS Analytical Functionality (I). Topics ( Coverage So Far ). 1. Introduction 1.1 Spatial Queries 1.2 Classification of GIS Analytical Functionality. Readings on the topics. Chapter 14 in Longley et al. (2005): pp. 315-322 Chapter 7 in Aronoff (1993): pp. 189-197.

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1. Introduction 1.1 Spatial Queries 1.2 Classification of GIS Analytical Functionality

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  1. Lecture 17: GIS Analytical Functionality (I) Topics (Coverage So Far) 1. Introduction 1.1 Spatial Queries 1.2 Classification of GIS Analytical Functionality Readings on the topics Chapter 14 in Longley et al. (2005): pp. 315-322 Chapter 7 in Aronoff (1993): pp. 189-197 Other readings Chapter 5 in Bonham-Carter (1994): pp. 134-137 Chapter 7 in Burrough and McDonnell (1998):pp.163-164)

  2. Outlines 1. Introduction: 1.1 Spatial Queries 1.1.1 What is a spatial query? Questions addressing the spatial distributions of geographic features and of the interactions among these features. Must involve spatial location(s) of geographic features 1.1.2 Types of Spatial Queries: 1.1.2.1 Location: (what is at…?) Find out what exists at a particular location Examples: What is the real estate value at that location? What is the customer support around that shopping center? What is the annual yield of the farm across the river?

  3. 1.1.2 Types of Spatial Queries: (Continued…) 1.1.2.2 Condition: (Where is …?) Find out the locations where certain conditions are satisfied Examples: Find the Crane habitats in Missouri Find the potential sites for a new landfill in Dane County Show the households with more than 3 children in Chicago 1.1.2.3 Trends: (What has changed since …?) Find out the differences in an area over time Examples: Has the voting behaviour changed in Los Angles since 1990? Has the custom support for West Town Mall changed since 2000? Has the severity of soil erosion decreased since the implementation of the conservation practice?

  4. 1.1.2 Types of Spatial Queries: (Continued…) 1.1.2.4 Patterns (relationships): (What relationships exist?) Determine if a spatial phenomenon is related to the existence or removal of another spatial phenomenon (entities) Examples: Whether cancer is a major cause of death among residents near a nuclear power plant? Whether the emigration of deer is related to the diminishing of a particular grass? Is improper manure application the major cause of stream pollution? 1.1.2.5 Modelling: (What if …?) Determine what would happens if the status of a spatial entity changes Examples: What would happen to the traffic conditions if a new road is built? What would happen to the sediment yield if a particular landuse is changed?

  5. 1.2 Classification of GIS Analytical Functions: 1.2.1 Based on what it can do (1) Measurements: (2) Connectivity: (3) Interpolation: (4) Terrain Analysis: (5) Statistical Analysis: (6) Spatial Overlay: 1.2.2 Based on the number of layers involved: (a) On single layer: (b) On two layers: (c) On three or more layers:

  6. Questions: 1. What kind of questions can GIS answer? 2. What is a spatial query? Why is GIS particularly suited to address spatial queries? 3. What are the different types of spatial queries? Give an example for each of them.

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