English Writing 102

1. English Writing 102 Chapter 6 Week 3

2. Clauses • A group of words that contains at least one subject and one verb. • Examples: Anna left the party early. …because she was tired.

3. Independent Clauses • There are two kinds of clauses in English: independent and dependent. • An independent clause can be a sentence by itself. • Independent clause is another name for simple sentence. • Examples of independent clauses: Anna left the party early. Hold the cat’s mouth closed.

4. Dependent Clauses • A dependent clause is different from an independent clause because it cannot be a sentence by itself. • It cannot be a sentence by itself because its meaning is not complete. • A dependent clause “depends” or counts on something else to complete its meaning. • Examples of dependent clauses: …because she was tired …while you count to ten

5. Complex Sentences • A complex sentence is a combination of one independent clause and one (or more) dependent clause(s). • Examples of a complex sentence: Anna left the party earlybecause she was tired. Anna left the party early is the independent clause because it could be a separate sentence. Because she was tired is the dependent clause because it counts on the first part of the sentence to give the complete information.

6. Comma Rule • In a complex sentence, when the dependent clause comes first, you must separate the clauses with a comma. • Example: Because she was tired, Anna left the party early. • When the independent clause comes first, do not separate the clauses with a comma. • Example: Anna left the party early because she was tired.

7. Subordinators • A dependent clause always begins with a subordinating word or a word used to join clauses together, or subordinator. • Time subordinators begin a clause that tells when something happens. • Reason subordinators begin a clause that tells why something happens. • Place subordinators begin a clause that tells where something happens or where something is located. • Please refer to page 101 for examples of subordinators and how to use them in sentences.

8. Peer Review • Split into groups of two to exchange the rough draft of the process paragraph. Give your paragraph to your partner and take your partner’s paragraph to read. • Turn to page 208 in your book and take out a separate piece of paper. Write down your answers to the Peer Review worksheet about your partner’s paragraph. When you are finished, return both the paragraph and the worksheet to your partner.

9. Homework • Final Draft of the Process Paragraph on page 107 following all five steps.