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Introduction to the Cell

Biology Topic for High School Class. Introduction to the Cell. What is a cell? Different types of cells, including eukaryotic and prokaryotic What is a virus? Review Quiz. In this section, we will cover:. Skip to Quiz. Cells are the structural and functional units of all living organisms.

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Introduction to the Cell

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  1. Biology Topic for High School Class Introduction to the Cell

  2. What is a cell? Different types of cells, including eukaryotic and prokaryotic What is a virus? Review Quiz In this section, we will cover: Skip to Quiz

  3. Cells are the structural and functional units of all living organisms. Cells can carry out specialized functions. Cells can reproduce. What is a Cell?

  4. There are 2 types of cells • Eukaryotic • Prokaryotic • Eukaryotic cells have membrane bound components in which specific metabolic activities take place. • Prokaryotic cells lack a nuclear membrane, and are usually much smaller. What are the different types of cells?

  5. Model of a Eukaryotic Cell Notice the membrane bound structures like the Golgi complex, nuclear envelope (also known as membrane), and the mitochondria. Examples of eukaryotic cells include: human cells, plant cells, protists and fungi.

  6. Model of a Prokaryotic cell Notice that the nuclear material, shown here as nucleoids, are not encased in a nuclear envelope like in eukaryotic cells. Examples of prokaryotic cells include: bacteria and archaea.

  7. What is a virus? Viruses depend on the host cell they infect to reproduce. Outside of the host cell, viruses exist as a protein coat, or capsid, sometimes enclosed within a membrane. Inside the head (see diagram on the left) is where the genetic material is. This can be either DNA or RNA.

  8. Examples of Viruses This is photo of a cluster of influenza viruses, each about 100 nanometers long, taken by the electron microscope. Try to pick out the membrane and protein coat. This is a photo of a virus that causes tobacco mosaic disease in tobacco plants, also taken with the electron microscope.

  9. Let’s test what you know so far! Click to go back to the table of contents and review. CLICK TO TAKE THE QUIZ

  10. Quiz 1 Does the following diagram represent a eukaryotic cell or a prokaryotic cell? Eukaryotic Cell Prokaryotic Cell

  11. Wrong You need to go back and review. Click for a Hint Take Quiz Again

  12. Model of a Prokaryotic cell Notice that the nuclear material, shown here as nucleoids, are not encased in a nuclear envelope like in eukaryotic cells. Examples of prokaryotic cells include: bacteria and archaea. Back to Quiz

  13. Correct! GREAT JOB! Now you can move on to the next section

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