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The Reformation

The Reformation. Martin Luther. Explain!. Causes of the Reformation. Renaissance emphasis on the secular and individual challenged church authority Printing Press spread secular ideas King didn’t like the church trying to control them People tired of paying papal taxes.

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The Reformation

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  1. The Reformation Martin Luther

  2. Explain!

  3. Causes of the Reformation • Renaissance emphasis on the secular and individual challenged church authority • Printing Press spread secular ideas • King didn’t like the church trying to control them • People tired of paying papal taxes

  4. Problems with the Catholic Church • 1. Critics of the Church claimed its leaders were corrupt • 2. Popes of the Renaissance spent way too much money on worldly affairs. • One ceremony cost 1/7 of savings • Pope Leo X- Most extravagant Pope. Spent huge sums of money on art and parties. • “Since God has given us the papacy, let us enjoy it.”

  5. Problems with the Catholic Church • Lower church officials were not very good • Poorly educated • Married • Gambling • Drinking

  6. Indulgences • Leo X wanted to remodel St. Peter’s Basilica • He needed money • To do this he had church officials sell indulgences- pardon for the commission of a sin • Basically a get out of hell free card

  7. What is an Indulgence? • Indulgence= a Pardon, forgiveness for wrong doing. • Who would he sell them to? • Sinners- release them from fault. • Buy them for your relatives • Especially if they were dead and needed help in the afterlife • Buy them for future sins • That would be the way to plan ahead. • Can you See a problem?????

  8. Who was Martin Luther • Son of a Miner • German Monk • Professor at the University of Wittenberg • Resented the Pope’s official, Johan Tetzel, selling indulgences

  9. Taking a Stand!!!! • October 31,1517 Martin Luther nails his 95 Theses to the Wittenburg Church Doors. • Protesting the acts of the Church. • Wanted a debate, but got a revolution • If you havin’ church problems I feel bad for you son, I got 95 problems and the pope is one!

  10. Three Basic Teachings of Luther • 1.People could win salvation only by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness. “Salvation by Faith” • 2. All people of faith were equal, therefore people could read and interpret the bible for themselves • 3. All Church teachings should be based on the bible.

  11. The Pope’s Threat • 1520 Pope Leo X threatened Martin Luther with excommunication from the church unless he recanted his statements • Luther refused to recant and publicly burnt the Pope’s decree condemning him • Pope Leo X then excommunicates Martin Luther • Do not pass go, do not collect $200, go straight to hell.

  12. Luther becomes an outlaw • 1. Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, controlled Germany. • Issued the Edict of Worms- declared Luther an Outlaw and a Heretic. No one could aid Luther • Luther goes into hiding and translates the Bible into German

  13. Lutherans Were Born • Priests became ministers. • Wear normal clothes • Services led in German instead of Latin. • Clergy were free to wed.

  14. The Peasants Revolt • 1. 1524- peasants take Luther’s ideas of Christian Freedom to heart and demand an end to serfdom • 2. Peasants roam the countryside raiding monasteries, churches, etc • 3. Luther horrified. Calls for their destruction • 100,000 dead. Many lose faith in Luther

  15. See the difference

  16. How did we get Protestants? • Many princes of Germany support Luther, therefore they seized property from church and independence from Charles V • Become known as Protestants- Christians who belong to non-catholic churches • Charles V wins, but couldn’t unite the church • 1555- Peace of Augsburg- the ruler of each German state can pick the religion of his state

  17. Catholics Faith, Sacraments, Good Works The Bible as interpreted by the Church Priests appointed by Church and cannot marry Elaborate Mass, Service in Latin, 7 Sacraments Protestants Faith Alone Bible as interpreted by each individual Priesthood of believers, priests can marry, select own minister Simple service in the vernacular, 2 sacraments (Lords Supper and Baptism) Differences Between Catholics and Protestants Salvation Authority Clergy Worship

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