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Cardiovascular System

Cardiovascular System. Cardiovascular System. Main function : Transportation Blood = transport vehicle Heart = pump Blood vessels = network of tubes. Anatomy of Heart. Size of fist Weight < 1 lb. Apex points toward left hip Flanked by lungs

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Cardiovascular System

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  1. Cardiovascular System

  2. Cardiovascular System • Main function: Transportation • Blood = transport vehicle • Heart = pump • Blood vessels = network of tubes

  3. Anatomy of Heart • Size of fist • Weight < 1 lb. • Apex points toward left hip • Flanked by lungs • Surrounded by pericardium (double-walled sac)

  4. Layers of the Heart Wall • Epicardium – outer layer (pericardium) • Myocardium – cardiac muscle • Endocardium – endothelium lines chambers Heart chamber

  5. Heart Chambers • Atrium (R & L): receive blood (entryway) • Ventricle (R & L): pump blood out • Septum: wall between atria & ventricles • Valves: prevent backflow of blood Right Side Left Side

  6. Coronary Circulation Coronary arteries Coronary veins

  7. Heart Valves • Atrioventricular (AV) valves (tricuspid, bicuspid) • Semilunar valves (pulmonary, aortic)

  8. Heart Valves • Chordae tendineae: anchors valve flaps in their closed position

  9. Double Circulation Loop • Pulmonary circuit: blood to/from lungs • Systemic circuit: blood to/from all body tissues

  10. Pathway of blood through heart

  11. Pathway of Blood Through Heart • Systemic and coronary veins • Superior or Inferior vena cava or Coronary sinus (from body to heart) • Right Atrium • 4 Pulmonary veins (lungs to heart) • Left Atrium Mitral (bicuspid) valve • Left Ventricle • Aorta(from heart to body) • Systemic arteries and coronary arteries • Systemic capillaries Tricuspid valve • Right Ventricle: • Pulmonary trunk splits into 2 arteries(to lungs) • Pulmonary capillaries Aortic valve Pulmonary valve

  12. Right Ventricle Left Ventricle • Pulmonary circuit = low pressure • Systemic circuit = high resistance to blood flow • More powerful pump • 3X as thick as right ventricle

  13. Anatomy of the Heart Web Activity http://www.wisc-online.com/Objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=ap12504

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