Reproduction and Variations

1. By: Maria Salmeron Per, 3 2/8/12 Reproduction and Variations

2. Introduction • The video we watch has to do with variations and genes. In my PowerPoint I will talk about sexual reproduction, and how genes parents affect the outcome of an offspring. I will also be talking about mutations and crossovers

3. Vocabulary • Mutations-occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed and because of that the gene is changed • Sexual reproduction- when an organism reproduces to make a new organism this involves a sperm cell and a ova • Phenotype- Its is the description of what the gene is ex: blue eyes • Genotype- What the gene is Ex: eyes • Somatic cell- Different cells that make up an organism but not including sex cells • Germ cell- This is another name for sex cells • Cross over- when change occurs in the sections between pairing homologues chromosomes

4. Mutations & Sexual Reproduction • Mutations- a mutation occurs when there is not enough codons or to many codons, or they don’t have the same match. For example; AATG, T_A_ , TCGGC, AGCCGATACGT, TGTA,GACT Not all mutations are bad some help you adapt to your environment and help you survive better • Sexual Reproduction- organism that have eukaryotes and that can help make more organisms. They are also the main source in variations of population. Germ cells for males are called sperm, for females there called Ova’s. Natural Selection also occurs here because of the endless possibilities • due to genetic • coding

5. Variations & Crossover • Variations- the genes and characteristic and outcome of the offspring . An offspring will have half’s the mother and half the fathers genes. That is why there are different outcomes to the offspring because your not only getting your mother’s genes but half of her mother and father and there mother and father’s genes and it keeps going that way like a cycle. The same with your father. • Crossover-The change of sections between pairing homologous chromosomes. It will also cause different variations