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Infections of ruminants

Infections of ruminants. Viral infections of the respiratory tract. BRSV IBR Parainfluenza BVDV Adenoviruses Maedi - Visna. Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis - IBR. Acute disease of upper resp. tract

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Infections of ruminants

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  1. Infectionsofruminants

  2. Viralinfectionsoftherespiratorytract • BRSV • IBR • Parainfluenza • BVDV • Adenoviruses • Maedi-Visna

  3. InfectiousBovineRhinotracheitis - IBR • Acutediseaseofupper resp. tract • Fever, keratoconjunctivitis, nasalandocculardischarge, explosivecough, salivation • Non-complicateddiseaselasts 10-14 days • Frequentsecondaryinfections (Pasteurella)

  4. IBR - diagnostics • Izolation on TC • Typization by monoclonalantibodies • Seroconversion (dynamique)

  5. BRSV • Mainpathogen in therespiratorycomplex • Affectsyoungagecategory • High incidence ofthedisease, mortality up to 20% (bacterialcoinfections) • Biphasicdiseasecurve • Colostralantibodiesdoesn´t protectagainstinfection

  6. BRSV - diagnostics • Verylabile virus, izolation on TC not reliable • Antigen capture ELISA • IF test • Detectionof VN antibodies (pairedsamples) • Calfwithcolostralantibodiesdoesn´t seroconvert

  7. THE RESPIRATORY TRACT necrotic laryngitis in calves Fusobacterium necroforum benzylpenicillin i.m bronchopneumonia and pneumonia Mannheimia haemolytica cephalosporines 3.g. i.m. inact. vac. s.c. Calves less than 5 w.co-amoxicillin i.m.,s.c. Pasteurella multocida potenc.sulfonamides p.o.,i.v.,i.m. Calves less than 5 w.co amoxicillin i.m.,s.c. Salmonella Dublinpotenc.sulfonamides p.o.,i.v.,i.m.

  8. THE RESPIRATORY TRACT . Arcanobacterium pyogenes benzylpenicillin i.m.,i.v. P. multocida potenc.sulfonamidesp.o.,i.v.,i.m. inact. vac. s.c. cephalosporines 3g. i.m. Histophilus somniibenzylpenicillin i.v.,i.m. Mycoplasma spp.-M.bovis, M.dyspar, M.agalactiae calvestylosin i.m. cows tetracyclines i.m.

  9. Infectionof GIT • BVDV • BovineCoronavirus • BovineRotavirus • Someserotypesofadenoviruses

  10. Coronavirus skotu • Primarypathogen • Diseaseof 3-21 dayoldcalf, sometimes in olderanimals (up to 3 months) • Watery diarrhoea, dehydratation, acidosis… • Virus replication in distant part ofthe gut, desquamation, malabsorption syndrome • Enzooticdisease, prevalence up to 100%

  11. BovineCoronavirus - diagnostics Virus sheddingstopsafterexfoliationofinfectedenterocytes • IF detection • smears • Sectionsofthe gut • Antigen capture ELISA • Immunoelectronmicroscopy • Isolation on TC (somestrainsonly, longlasting) • HA test

  12. BovineCoronavirus - diagnostics Detectionofantibodies • Ab are virtually in allanimals • Dynamics ofseroconversion (IgMorIgA)

  13. BovineRotavirus • Primarypathogen, endemic • Calfs -1-2 weeks (thensubclinicalcourse) • Diarrhoea • Mildercoursethan in coronaviruses, samepathogenesis • Atleast 3 serotypes • No crossprotection

  14. BovineRotavirus - diagnostics • IEM • IF test • Cell line MA104 – IF confirmation • ELISA kits • Latex agglutination test • Antibodydetection- highserological prevalence

  15. THE ALIMENTARY TRACT actinobacilosis (soft tissues infection) Actinobacillus lignieresii benzylpenicillin i.v.,i.m. actinomycosis (bone infection) Actinomyces bovisbenzylpenicillin i.m.

  16. THE ALIMENTARY TRACT enteritis/enterotoxicosis/enterotoxemia E. coli (F5) calves less than 1 w.colistinp.oinact. vac. s.c. Salmonella Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium calves 1-5 w enrofloxacin p.o. C. perfringens typ A,C calves tylosin i.m. inact. vac. s.c. Salmonella Typhimurium feed lot enrofloxacin i.m.,p.o. Salmonella Dublin cephalosporines 1.-3.g i.v.,i.m.

  17. Infectionofgenitaltract • IBR • BVDV • Scrapie

  18. THE URINARY TRACT pyelonephritis Corynebacterium renale benzylpenicillin i.v.,i.m. E. colicephalosporines 1.-3.g i.v.,i.m. cystitis Corynebacterium cystitidis benzylpenicillin i.v.,i.m. C. pilosumbenzylpenicillin i.v.,i.m Enterococcus faecalis amoxicillin+ gentamicini.v.,i.m. E. coli potenc.sulfonamidy i.v.,i.m.

  19. THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM abortions Leptospira spp. doxycyclin i.v.,i.m. L.hardjo*oxytetracyclin i.v.,i.m. L.pomona Listeria monocytogenes amoxicillin i.v.,i.m. Salmonella enterica potenc.sulfonamides i.v.,i.m. Histophilus somnus benzylpenicillin i.v.,i.m. Chlamydophila abortus doxycyclin i.v.,i.m. Coxiella burnetti tetracyclines i.v.,i.m.

  20. THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM pyometra Arcanobacterium pyogenes, cephalosporines 1.-3.g. i.ut. Fusobacterium necroforum, co-amoxicillin i.ut. Bacteroides spp.

  21. MAMMARY GLAND - MASTITIS Staphylococcus aureus cloxacillin i.mam. dicloxacillin i.mam. oxaciclin i.mam. Streptococcus spp. penicillinesi.mam S. agalactiae, S.equi spp. zooepidemicus, S. dysgalactiae S. uberis E. coli potenc.sulfonamidesi.v.,i.m. colistin i.mam. Klebsiella spp.potenc.sulfonamidesi.v. Enterobacter spp. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Arcanobacterium pyogenesbenzylpenicillin i.v.,i.m.,i.mam.

  22. Infectionof CNS • Maedi-Visna • CAEV • IBR • BVDV • BSE • Scrapie

  23. THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM encephalitis Listeria monocytogenes amoxicillin i.m.,s.c. meningoencephalitis Histphilus somnus benzylpenicilin i.m.,i.v. Clostridium tetani toxoid.. vac,

  24. THE EYE Kerato -conjunctivitis, Moraxella bovis gentamicin topic. inact. vac. i.m. oxytetracyclin i.m.

  25. Skin Infections • BovinePapillomavirus • Bovinepoxvirus • Ovine poxvirus • Herpesvirus - mamilitis

  26. THE SKIN interdigital necrobacilosis (foot rot) Fusobacterium necroforum oxytetracyclin i.m.,i.v. Bacterioides melaninogeniumdoxycyclin i.m.,i.v. dermatitis interdigitalis Dichelobacter nodosus tetracyclinestopic. inact. vac. s.c. dermatitis digitalis Serpens spp. tetracyclines topic papilomatous digital dermatitis (hairy footwart) Treponema brennaborense penicillines

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