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Explore the Reformation's rejection of Papal authority, the establishment of new churches, and its political implications from 1517 to 1555. Delve into key events like the Leipzig Dispute and the Augsburg Confession. Witness the decentralization of power and the impact on the Holy Roman Empire.
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Meaning • Rejection of supreme religious authority of the Pope • Establishment of new churches in Germany and W-Europe, incl. Scandinavia • Historical process: 1517-1555/63 • Political implications
Political developments & implications • Imperial Diets in Holy Roman Empire („Reichstage“): main platform of Reformation • Imperial politics: crucial for rapid success of Reformation • Result: emperor weakened as head of HRE, further decentralisation
Course of the Reformation • 1517: Luther publishes 95 theses • 1518: accused of notorious heresy, interrogation at Reichstag in Augsburg, Luther insists • 1519: dispute of Leipzig (with Johannes Eck) • 1521: Reichstag of Worms, Luther banned and excommunicated
Course of the Reformation (2) • 1521-24: Luther on Wartburg, Eisenach, translates Bible into German • Reformation spreads throughout large parts of Germany • 1524/25: peasant revolt • 1529: Reichstag in Speyer („Protestation“ of Speyer) • 1531: Reichstag in Augsburg („Confessio Augustana“) • 1546/47: Smalkaldic War • 1555: Religious peace of Augsburg („Cuius regio eius religio“)
Read: Cameron, pages 171-205 (also available online!)