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The Rise of Hitler. Hitler’s Beginnings (1/1). Adolf Hitler was born in a small town in Austria in 1889. He dropped out of high school and wasn’t accepted into art school. He served in World War I and won medals for bravery. Political Beginnings (1/2).
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Hitler’s Beginnings (1/1) • Adolf Hitler was born in a small town in Austria in 1889. • He dropped out of high school and wasn’t accepted into art school. • He served in World War I and won medals for bravery.
Political Beginnings (1/2) • Like many people, Hitler was very unhappy with the outcome of the Treaty of Versailles. He felt that Germany was being unfairly punished.
Political Beginnings (2/2) • In 1920, he joined a small radical group called the Nazis who supported fascist and totalitarian policies, believed in racial superiority and wanted to have state controlled industry in Germany.
Nazism (1/2) • The Nazis adopted the swastika as their symbol.
Nazism (2/2) • When Hitler joined the party he was a very successful organizer, and a good public speaker, so this led him to be chosen as dur Führer, or the leader.
First Failure (1/2) • With Hitler as the leader, the party began to gain more supporters.
First Failure (2/2) • In 1923, the Nazis attempted to takeover the government (this was known as the Beer Hall Putsch). • They failed and Hitler was sentenced to prison.
Mein Kampf (1/3) • While Hitler was in jail, he wrote a book called Mein Kampfmeaning My Struggle. In this book he outlines his main ideas and beliefs. • One of Hitler’s key beliefs was that the blue – eyed, blonde haired Germans were the “Aryans” or master race.
Mein Kampf (2/3) • Hitler claimed that people who were non – Aryans (Jews, Slavs, Gypsies, amongst others) were inferior/subhuman. He felt these people were part of the cause of the problems for the Aryan race.
Mein Kampf (3/3) • He also expressed his outrage at the Treaty of Versailles, and said Germans must try to get that land back. • He felt Germans needed more lebensraum or living space, and they would get it by conquered Europe and Russia.
After Prison (1/2) • After Hitler was released in 1924, he began working to make the Nazi party strong again. • Most Germans ignored his message until the depression hit.
After Prison (2/2) • Germans didn’t feel confident in the leadership of the Weimar Republic and began turning to Hitler for strong leadership and security.
Hitler Becomes Chancellor (1/2) • By 1932, the Nazis were the largest political party. • In January 1933, the President named Hitler Chancellor of Germany.
Hitler Becomes Chancellor (2/2) • He hoped by appointing Hitler to this position he would gain support of Hitler’s followers, and he’d be able to control them as well as Hitler.
Hitler Seizes Power (1/2) • Once Hitler was in office, he immediately began strengthening his position. • Once Hitler had parliament under his control, he passed a bill that essentially made him a dictator. He banned political opponents and had them arrested.
Hitler Seizes Power (2/2) • In 1934, Hitler created an elite black uniformed unit called the Schutzstaffel or the SS. They were loyal only to Hitler and arrested anyone who opposed him.
Nazis Command the Economy (1/2) • The Nazis first act of controlling the economy was creating laws that banned strikes, dissolved independent labor unions, and gave the government control over business and labor.
Nazis Command the Economy (2/2) • Hitler created jobs that put millions of Germans to work doing things such as constructing factories, building highway, manufacturing weapons, and serving in the military. • *Unemployment dropped from 6 million to 1.5 million.
Complete Control (1/2) • Hitler censored the press, radio, literature, paintings, and films. • Books that went against the Nazi beliefs were burned. • The church was not allowed to openly criticize Nazis.
Complete Control (2/2) • Children were forced to join the Hitler Youth.
1936 Olympics (1/2) • Hitler felt that anyone who was not Aryan was inferior. • The 1936 summer Olympics were held in Berlin. • African – American runner Jesse Owens won four gold medals, defeating the Germans.
1936 Olympics (2/2) • Hitler refused to watch Owens be presented with medals and left the stadium.
Attacks on the Jews (1/2) • Although the Jewish people made up less than 1% of Germany’s population, the Nazis used them as scapegoats for all of Germany’s problems since the war. • Beginning in 1933, the Nazis passed laws that deprived Jews of their rights. • This led to more violence and anti – Semitism amongst the German people.
Attacks on the Jews (2/2) • On November 9, 1938, Nazi mobs began attacking Jewish homes and businesses known as Kristallnacht. This began the process of eliminating Jews from Germany.
