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Causes of the Civil War

Causes of the Civil War. State’s Rights. -Federalism -system of multiple governments in order to give more localized decision making power - 10th Amendment -all powers not given to the federal government are reserved for the states and people. Slavery. -pro-slavery -anti-slavery

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Causes of the Civil War

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  1. Causes of the Civil War

  2. State’s Rights -Federalism -system of multiple governments in order to give more localized decision making power -10th Amendment -all powers not given to the federal government are reserved for the states and people.

  3. Slavery -pro-slavery -anti-slavery -opposed growth of slavery

  4. Nullification -Sedition Acts -Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions -Tariff laws 1828 Tariff Crisis -Slavery issues -southern threats to nullify any anti-slavery laws

  5. Nullification -Sedition Acts -Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions -Tariff laws 1828 Tariff Crisis -Slavery issues -southern threats to nullify any anti-slavery laws

  6. Sectionalism -issues become more and more regional in nature -slavery, tariffs, economics -industrial north -agricultural south

  7. Compromise of 1820 -drew a line to determine the future areas of slavery -solved the slavery debate for about 20 years

  8. Compromise of 1850 -Wilmot Proviso tried to block slavery in old Mexican areas but is defeated in Congress -California applies for statehood debate begins and Clay organizes compromise -California admitted as free state -South gets stronger Fugitive law -Popular Sovereignty to help decide future cases of slavery

  9. Underground Railroad -many early attempts at escape relied on luck -network of anti-slavery advocates who helped slaves escape -many times slaves needed to get to Canada to be totally free -Harriet Tubman

  10. Fugitive Slave Law -allowed slave catchers to go into free areas and capture runaway slaves -made it a crime to help any runaway -suspected slaves need not be given a trial or a chance to testify

  11. Uncle Tom’s Cabin -Harriet Beecher Stowe -depicted evil side of slavery to the public “Uncle Tom” “Simon Legree” -1852, sold over a million copies

  12. Kansas-Nebraska Act -1854--popular sovereignty passed as law in 1850 compromise to determine slavery -rush to populate state with “voters” for each side -”bleeding Kansas” slavery and abolitionist forces resort to violence -A fight in the U.S. Senate Preston Brooks v.Charles Sumner

  13. Dred Scott v. Sanford -Scott is a slave -he is taken into free states -sues for freedom based on NW Ordinance and Missouri Compromise -Supreme Court (majority of southern justices) rules: Blacks are not citizens Can’t ban slavery Missouri Comp. is illegal

  14. Development of Republican Party -Slavery had come to dominate the differences in the parties -by 1850 the differences had peaked so that anti-slavery Whigs, Democrats, and Free-Soilers formed a new anti-slavery party -official party policy was to oppose the growth of slavery where it did not exist.

  15. Lincoln-Douglas Debates -Senate race in 1858 Stephen Douglas (Dem), Abraham Lincoln (Rep.) -debate over slavery issues neither man wanted slavery in the area, but how to do it? -Douglas issues Freeport Doctrine Slavery needs certain laws in order to exist. Don’t pass those laws and there will be no slavery -Douglas wins the election, Lincoln gains national fame

  16. Lincoln-Douglas Debates -Senate race in 1858 Stephen Douglas (Dem), Abraham Lincoln (Rep.) -debate over slavery issues neither man wanted slavery in the area, but how to do it? -Douglas issues Freeport Doctrine Slavery needs certain laws in order to exist. Don’t pass those laws and there will be no slavery -Douglas wins the election, Lincoln gains national fame

  17. John Brown’s Raid -John Brown was an extreme abolitionist -captured Harper’s Ferry military installation in Virginia with intent to arm slaves -surrounded and forced to surrender -Brown found guilty at trial and then hanged--becomes a martyr for many abolitionists -Many Southerners thought Brown represented northerners who wanted to control the southern lifestyle and economy

  18. Southern Secession -1860 election -slavery divided the parties -Lincoln pledges to stop spread of slavery but not to interfere with the south -Douglas got support of Northern Democrats -John Breckinridge got southern Democrats -John Bell nominated by Constitutional Union Party

  19. Lincoln’s Election -Lincoln wins election with no southern electoral votes -Southern states secede in fear of gov’t where they have no voice -S.C. first to secede, 6 others follow - Confederate States of America formed before Lincoln takes office -Jefferson Davis elected Confederate President

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