Section 5 The Skull ( 颅骨 )

Section 5The Skull (颅骨) A. Bones of the Cerebral Cranium (脑颅骨) B. Bones of the Facial Cranium (面颅骨) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

A. Bones of Cerebral Cranium 1. Frontal bone (额骨) 2. Parietal bones (顶骨) 3. Occipital bone (枕骨) 4. Ethmoid bone (筛骨) 5. Temporal bones (颞骨) 6. Sphenoid bone (蝶骨) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

The Skull Male Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

B. Bones of Facial Cranium 1. Maxillae (上颌骨) 2. Palatine bones (腭骨) 3. Zygomatic bones (颧骨) 4. Nasal bones (鼻骨) 5. Lacrimal bones (泪骨) 6. Inferior nasal conchae (下鼻甲) 7. Vomer (犁骨) 8. Mandible (下颌骨) 9. Hyoid bone (舌骨) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole 1. The Superior Aspect of the Skull -- coronal suture (冠状缝) sagittal suture (矢状缝) lambdoid suture (人字缝) parietal foramen (顶孔) parietal tubercles (顶结节) bregma (前囟点) lambda (人字点) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole 2. The Posterior Aspect of the Skull -- external occipital protuberance (枕外隆凸) superior nuchal line (上项线) [landmark of the cerebellum 小脑定位标志] Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole F M Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole 3. The Lateral Aspect of the Skull -- zygomatic arch (颧弓) superior temporal line (上颞线) inferior temporal line (下颞线) temporal fossa (颞窝) pterion ( 翼点) external acoustic pore (外耳门) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole mastoid process (乳突) articular tubercle (关节结节) infratemporal fossa (颞下窝) pterygopalatine fossa (翼腭窝) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole M F Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole 4. The Anterior Aspect of the Skull 1) The Orbits (眶) -- a.Orbital aperture (Base) (眶口)-- supraorbital margin (眶上缘) supraorbital foramen (notch) [眶上孔(切迹)] infraorbital margin (眶下缘) infraorbital foramen (眶下孔) b. Apex (眶尖)-- optic canal (视神经管) c.Superior wall (上壁) fossa for the lacrimal gland (泪腺窝) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole • d. Inferior wall (下壁) • infraorbital groove (眶下沟) • infraorbital canal (眶下管) • e. Medial wall(内侧壁) • fossa for lacrimal sac (泪囊窝) • superior orbital fissure • (眶上裂) • inferior orbital fissure • (眶下裂) • f. Lateral wall(外侧壁) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole 2) The Bony Nasal Cavity (骨性鼻腔) a. Apertures-- piriform aperture (梨状孔) posterior nasal aperture (鼻后孔) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole b. Walls -- bony septum of nose (骨鼻中隔) [deviation of nasal septum 鼻中隔偏曲] External wall (外侧壁) superior nasal concha (上鼻甲) middle nasal concha (中鼻甲) inferior nasal concha (下鼻甲) superior nasal meatus (上鼻道) middle nasal meatus (中鼻道) inferior meatus (下鼻道) nasolacrimal canal (鼻泪管) sphenoethmoidal recess (蝶筛隐窝). Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole c. Paranasal sinuses (鼻旁窦)-- frontal sinuses (额窦) maxillary sinuses (上颌窦) ethmoidal sinuses (筛窦) sphenoid sinuses (蝶窦) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole 5. The Internal Aspect of the Skull Cap-- sulcus for superior sagittal sinus (上矢状窦沟) granular foveolae (颗粒小凹) [depressed cranial fracture 颅骨凹陷骨折] Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole 6. The Internal Aspect of the Base of the Skull -- 1) ant. cranial fossa (颅前窝) 2) middle cranial fossa (颅中窝) 3) post. cranial fossa (颅后窝) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole 1) Anterior cranial fossa (颅前窝) -- foramen cecum (盲孔), cribriform plate (筛板) cribriform foramina (筛孔), crista galli (鸡冠) [basicranial fracture 颅底骨折] Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole 2) Middle cranial fossa(颅中窝) -- sella turcica (蝶鞍), hypophysial fossa (垂体窝) dorsum sellae (鞍背), sulcus prechiasmaticus (交叉前沟), optic canal (视神经管), Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole anterior clinoid process (前床突), posterior clinoid process (后床突), foramen rotundum (圆孔), foramen ovale (卵圆孔), foramen spinosum (棘孔), Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole foramen lacerum (破裂孔),tegmen tympani (鼓室盖), trigeminal impression (三叉神经压迹), sulcus for middle meningeal artery (脑膜中动脉沟), supraorbital fissure (眶上裂). Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole 3) Posterior cranial fossa (颅后窝) -- internal acoustic pore(内耳门),internal acoustic meatus(内耳道), jugular foramen (颈静脉孔), foramen magnum (大孔), sulcus for transverse sinus (横窦沟), sulcus for sigmoid sinus (乙状窦沟), internal occipital protuberance (枕内隆凸), internal occipital crest (枕内嵴), hypoglossal canal (舌下神经管). Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole 7. The External Aspect of the Base of the Skull -- alveolar process (牙槽突) alveolar arch (牙槽弓) dental alveoli (牙槽) incisive foramen (切牙孔) greater palatine foramen (腭大孔) lateral pterygoid plate (翼突外侧板) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole medial pterygoid plate (翼突内侧板) foramen ovale (卵圆孔) foramen spinosum (棘孔) foramen lacerum (破裂孔) external opening of carotid canal (颈动脉管外口) jugular foramen (颈静脉孔) occipital condyle (枕髁) external opening of hypoglossal canal (舌下神经管外口) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

C. The Skull as a Whole styloid process (茎突) stylomastoid foramen (茎乳孔) external occipitalprotuberance (枕外隆凸) condylar canal (髁管) superior nuchal line (上项线) inferior nuchal line (下项线) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

D. The Mandible 1. Body of the Mandible (下颌体) 1) alveolar arch (牙槽弓) 2) mental protuberance (颏隆起) 3) mental foramen (颏孔) 4) mental spine (颏棘) 2. Ramus of the Mandible (下颌支) 1) coronoid process (冠突) 2) condylar process (髁突) a. head of mandible (下颌头) b. neck of mandible (下颌颈) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

D. The Mandible M 43yr Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

E. The Skull at Birth anterior fontanelle (前囟) 1.5 yr closed posterior fontanelle (后囟) 2 – 3 m closed anterolateral fontanelle (前外侧囟) posterolateral fontanelle (后外侧囟) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

Section 5 The Skull ( 颅骨 )