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Ultrasound Visualization Pipeline A Survey

Ultrasound Visualization Pipeline A Survey. Å. Birkeland , V. Šoltészová, D. Hönigmann, O. H. Gilja, S. Brekke, T. Ropinski and I. Viola. Definition of Visualization . Visualization : the use of (usually) computer graphics to reveal insight into data to a user

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Ultrasound Visualization Pipeline A Survey

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  1. Ultrasound Visualization PipelineA Survey Å. Birkeland, V. Šoltészová, D. Hönigmann, O. H. Gilja, S. Brekke, T. Ropinski and I. Viola

  2. Definition of Visualization Visualization: the use of (usually)computer graphics to reveal insight into data to a user to form a mental vision, image, or picture of (something not visible or present to the sight, or of an abstraction); to make visible to the mind or imagination [Oxford Engl. Dict., 1989] computer graphics, but not photo-realistic rendering The purpose of computing is insight, not numbers[R. Hamming, 1962] The purpose of visualization is insight, not pictures[B. Schneidermann, 1999] Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  3. Ultrasound Imaging Modality • Non-invasive • Relatively inexpensive • High resolution • Spatially • Temporally • Noise • Random • Speckle • Difficult to interpret Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  4. Usage of Medical Ultrasound • Diagnostics • Intraoperative imaging • Intervention Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  5. Ultrasound Image Modality • 2D ultrasound • 3D ultrasound • 3D freehand ultrasound • Dedicated 3D ultrasound probe • 4D ultrasound • Functional imaging • Doppler • B-flow • Strain • Contrast enhanced US Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  6. Ultrasound Visualization – The Pipeline • Pre-processing: Processing ultrasound data prior to segmentation, registration or rendering • Segmentation: Extracting features from ultrasound data • Registration: Combining ultrasound data with other types of medical imaging modalities • Rendering: Presenting ultrasound data • AugmentedReality: Combining ultrasound rendering with the real world Pre-processing Registration Registration Augmented Reality Rendering Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  7. Ultrasound Visualization - The Pipeline Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  8. Pre-processing • Scan-conversion • Reconstruction of freehand ultrasound • Data Enhancement Gee et al. Processing and Visualizing Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Data Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  9. Segmentation Automated assessment of ovarian follicles using a novel three-dimensional ultrasound software MagiCut – Interactive clipping for 3D ultrasound Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  10. Vessel Extraction from Ultrasound • Ultrasound Painting of Vascular Tree • Quickly extract 3D models live during examination • Minimize interaction • Using basic 2D B-mode ultrasound + tracking Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  11. Vessel Extraction from Ultrasound

  12. Registration • Combining two or more image modalities in the same reference frame • Rigid Registration • Non-Rigid Registration Olesch et al. Matching CT and Ultrasound data of the Liver by Landmark constrained Image Registration Wiein et al Automatic CT-ultrasound registration for diagnostic imaging and image-guided intervention Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  13. Rendering • Surface Rendering • 3D freehand rendering • 4D ultrasound Fattal and LischinskiVariationalClassification for Visualization of 3D Ultrasound Data Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  14. Volume: Set of Slices Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  15. Rendering – Volume Visualization 3D→2D, e.g., a density volume from CT etc. direct volume rendering(semi-transparent volume) Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  16. Rendering – Transfer Functions • Mapping data to color and opacity • Non-regular data intensities for the same tissue Hönigmann et al. Adaptive Design of a Global Opacity Transfer Function for Direct Volume Rendering of Ultrasound Data Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  17. Rendering – Multi-Modal • Doppler • MRI / CT • Increase in image clutter Viola et al. Illustrated Ultrasound for Multimodal Data Interpretation of Liver Examinations Petersch et al. Blood flow in its context: Combining 3D B-Mode and Color doppler Ultrasonic Data Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  18. Rendering - Shading Ropinski et al. Interactive Volumetric Lighting Simulating Scattering and Shadowing Šoltészová et al. Multi-Directional Occlusion shading Chromatic Depth Coloring Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  19. Ultrasound and Augmented Reality 19 Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  20. Conclusion Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  21. Acknowledgements • Illustrasound Project, VERDIKT, The Norwegian Research Council • Helwig Hauser – VisGroup, University of Bergen, Norway • Wolfgang Wein - White Lion Technologies, Munich, Germany Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

  22. Questions? • Thank you! Åsmund Birkeland, University of Bergen

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