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History and Art- The Muralists

History and Art- The Muralists. Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo. Jose Clement Orozco. History and Art. Three Major Civilizations Mayans in the Yucatan Peninsula Incas in Peru The fierce Aztecs in Mexico. The Aztec Empire.

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History and Art- The Muralists

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  1. History and Art-The Muralists

  2. Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo

  3. Jose Clement Orozco

  4. History and Art • Three Major Civilizations • Mayans in the Yucatan Peninsula • Incas in Peru • The fierce Aztecs in Mexico

  5. The Aztec Empire • By 1500 the Aztec Empire territory included 125,000 square miles with a population of about 10 million people

  6. Aztec Empire

  7. The Fierce Aztecs

  8. The Aztecs and human sacrifice • At least 15,000 per year were sacrificed. • Nourishment for the sun god and strikes fear in the enemy.

  9. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hA8Bjzj-aLs

  10. Jaguar Warrior

  11. Tenochtitlan 1345 eagle perched on a cactus eating a serpent

  12. Tenochtitlan • Temples • Pyramids • Market place • palaces

  13. Tenochtitlan MarketplaceDiego Rivera

  14. How does Cortes do it?

  15. Hernan Cortes • Spanish conqueror arrives in Tenochtitlan in 1519 • Within two years had conquered the powerful Aztec empire • Spaniard’s resemblance to Quetzalcoatl-the Aztec emperor Montezuma less wary than usual.

  16. Cortes • Quetzalcoatl • Armor • Horses • Small pox • Angry neighbors

  17. Conquest-Jose Orozco

  18. Conquest-Jose Orozco

  19. Absorption of the IndianJose Clemente Orozco

  20. Creation of the Mestizo • Genetic mixing of Spanish and Indian races • Malinche synonymous with traitor

  21. Spanish Treatment of the Indians • 300 years of mistreatment of the indigenous population by the colonizing Spanish • Catholic church helped to justify this treatment • Encomiendas-land grants

  22. Colonial DominationDiego Rivera (1933)

  23. Colonial DominationRivera-1933

  24. The Social Pyramid in Mexico Peninsulares-Spaniards born in Spain who filled the top positions in gov. Criollos-people of pure Spanish descent born in Mexico Mestizos Indians

  25. Father Miguel Hidalgo • On Sept. 16, 1810, Father Miguel Hidalgo, leader of a small parish consisting of Indians and Mestizos declared Mexico’s independence from Spain. Soon Hidalgo was killed as was other revolutionaries who followed.

  26. Fight for LibertyJose Orozco 1939

  27. Benito Juarez • Juarez is one of Mexico’s best loved leaders. He was dedicated to helping the poor and protecting them from corruption w/in the church.

  28. Juarez and the Fall of the EmpireOrozco

  29. Juarez • Dedicated to helping the poor • Against the corruption of the church • Fought the French • Continued his reforms until his death 1872

  30. Mexican Independence • As Mexico moved into the 19th century, it continued to have socioeconomic stratification based on skin color and heritage.

  31. Dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz • Diaz came to power in 1876-Mexican technology for mining and agriculture had not changed since colonial times. He rules as a dictator for 34 years • Most peasants lived in virtual slavery. Most people had 1/2 of what they had to eat in 1810. People resented Diaz and this resentment lead to the Mex. Rev of 1910

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