Literary & Figurative Language

1. Literary & Figurative Language English AMCHS

2. Dialect ~ a variety of language that is characteristic of a particular region or group of people. ~ can reveal a person’s economic or social class.

3. Ode ~ A long, complex lyric poem expressed in a dignified and serious tone and style. ~ Some odes celebrate a person or an event; others are more private reflections. ~ Odes are traditionally written in a formal stanza pattern and include rhyme. Examples: • Percy Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind” • John Keats’s “Ode on a Grecian Urn”

4. Narrative Poetry ~ Verse that tells a story. It will have characters, setting, and narrator(s). Many have literary elements such as figurative language and dialogue. They may be written in any verse form and be rhymed or unrhymed. Frame Story (Frame Narrative) The result of inserting one or more small stories within the body of a larger narrative. Ex: Frankenstein, Canterbury Tales, Forrest Gump

5. Create a section in your comp/spiral for literary and poetic element definitions.

6. Onomatopoeia The use of words in which their pronunciation seems to resemble the sounds they describe. Hiss Bang Crash Moo

7. Onomatopoeia

8. Parallel Structure ~ Two or more words, phrases, or clauses that are similar in length and grammatical form. ~ It helps words flow together; calls attention to important ideas; balances different ideas, and it sets up a cadence, or rhythm. Examples: "Friends, Romans, Countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him." The Tragedy of Julius Caesar "It is by logic we prove, but by intuition we discover." • Leonardo da Vinci

9. Paradox ~A situation or statement that seems to be impossible or contradictory but is actually true, either in fact or in a figurative sense. "I must be cruel to be kind". Hamlet "Deep down, you're really shallow." Unknown "War is peace." "Freedom is slavery." "Ignorance is strength." George Orwell, 1984

11. Enjambment ~ The continuation of a sentence in a poem from one line to the next. Typically, one line of poetry does not equal a sentence; pay attention to punctuation. Juxtaposition- ~ The placing of two or more distinct things side by side in order to contrast or compare them. It is commonly used to evoke an emotional response in the reader.

16. Apostrophe ~ A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as love, liberty, or death. ~ The effect may add familiarity or emotional intensity. "Oh, Death, be not proud." by John Donne "Roll on thou dark and deep blue ocean." from "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage" by Lord Byron

17. Alliteration ~ The practice of beginning consecutive or neighboring words with the same sound. ~ It provides emphasis and can also emulate certain sounds such as the hissing of a snake with a repeated “s” sound.

18. Alliteration Morning fresh moisturizing lotion makes Maebell smell marvelous An ant awkwardly carried cake crumbs across the picnic area.

19. Alliteration Morning fresh moisturizing lotion makes Maebell smell marvelous. An ant awkwardly carried cake crumbs across the picnic area.

20. Assonance ~ The repetition of accented vowel sounds in a series of words, (vowels= a, e, i, o, u& sometimes y). ~ Creates mood or emulates a sound. “They clothed me in the clothes of death / and taught me to sing the notes of woe” ~ Blake “The Chimney Sweeper”

21. Assonance Moe drank too much coffee and tea and really had to go pee. Evan’s boat was full of goats and a handful of croaking bullfrogs.

22. Assonance Moe drank too much coffee and tea and really had to go pee. Evan’s boat was full of goats and a handful of croaking bullfrogs.

23. Consonance ~ The repetition of a consonant sound within a series of words to produce a harmonious effect. ~ Typically occurs in the middle and at the end of words. And each slow dusk a drawing down of the blinds.

24. Consonance Matt spat on his hands before gripping the wooden bat. Maycomb county had a drought in 1736.

25. Consonance Mattspat on his hands before gripping the wooden bat. Maycomb county had a drought in 1736.

26. Oxymoron ~ A type of paradox (contradiction) which combines a pair of contrary terms into a single expression. Living dead Dry ice Lead feather

27. Oxymoron • ________ shrimp • ________ clown • ________ bad • ________ good • _______fish • ________ sweat • ________ silence • ________ rules

28. Oxymoron • Jumbo shrimp • Sad clown • Pretty bad • Awfully good • Catfish • Cold sweat • Thunderous silence • Anarchy rules

29. Rhyme ~Rhyme- the repetition of the same or similar sounds in accented syllables found in the same place in two or more consecutive lines of verse- based on the same sound not spelling.

30. Rhyme Types ~ End Rhyme- rhymes at the ends of the lines, used to determine rhyme scheme. My cat is nice My cat likes mice My cat is fat I like my cat My cat is gray My cat is fat My cat is cute I like my cat

31. Rhyme Types End Rhyme My cat is nice A My cat likes mice A My cat is fat B I like my cat B My cat is gray C My cat is fat B My cat is cute D I like my cat B

32. Rhyme Types ~ Internal Rhyme- rhyme that occurs within a line or neighboring lines. ~ Slant Rhyme (Half Rhyme)- words that have similar sounds but do not rhyme perfectly. ex: I want to sing a silly song ex: He who steps boldly to warfare will soon learn the truth of fear

33. Personification Giving human traits (qualities, feelings, action, or characteristics) to non-living objects (things, colors, qualities, or ideas). “The windcried in the dark” “ Death lays his icy hand on kings”

34. Personification The microwave timer told me it was time to turn my TV dinner. The rain kissed my cheeks as it fell. The car engine coughed and sputtered when it started during the blizzard.

35. Personification The microwave timertold me it was time to turn my TV dinner. The rainkissed my cheeks as it fell. The car enginecoughed and sputtered when it started during the blizzard.

36. Hyperbole A deliberate and outrageous exaggeration. It may be used for serious or comical effect. I nearly died laughing I tried a thousand times That zit is as big as a baseball

37. Metaphor A comparison of two unlike objects without the use of like or as. Life is but a dream. The typist would huntandpeck for letters.

38. Metaphor Brian was a wall, bouncing every tennis ball back over the net. We would have had more pizza to eat if Tammy hadn’t been such a hog Cindy was such a mule. We couldn’t get her to change her mind.

39. Metaphor Brian was a wall, bouncing every tennis ball back over the net. We would have had more pizza to eat if Tammy hadn’t been such a hog. Cindy was such a mule. We couldn’t get her to change her mind.