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Ecology Unit

Ecology Unit. Chapters 15-16 Part 1. Living Earth. The difference in the Earth and other plants is that the Earth has an abundance of living organisms. Biosphere Part of the Earth that supports life. Includes top portion of the Earth’s crust and all the water that covers Earth’s surface.

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Ecology Unit

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  1. Ecology Unit Chapters 15-16 Part 1

  2. Living Earth The difference in the Earth and other plants is that the Earth has an abundance of living organisms. • Biosphere • Part of the Earth that supports life. • Includes top portion of the Earth’s crust and all the water that covers Earth’s surface. • Biosphere contains FIXED amounts of water, Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen And other minerals

  3. Ecosystem- consists of all of the organisms living in an environment, as well as nonliving parts of that environment. • Ecology- the study of interactions among organisms and their environment.

  4. Population • Organisms in an ecosystem that belong to one species. • Ex. A population of deer • Community • All the populations in an ecosystem • Ex. Population of deer, population of turkeys, population of squirrels all living together • Habitat • The place in which an organism lives • Ex. The ocean is the shrimps habitat • Ex. The burrow a chipmunk digs under a patio stone

  5. Populations • Limiting Factor • Anything that restricts the number of individuals in a population. • Ex. Availability of food, water, living space, mates, nesting sites. • Carrying Capacity • The largest number of individuals of one species that an environment can support and maintain.

  6. Interactions Within Communities • Producers • Organisms that use an outside energy source to make energy-rich molecules • Ex. All green plants • Consumers • Organisms that CANNOT make their own energy-rich molecules. • Obtain energy from eating other organisms.

  7. 4 Types of Consumers • Herbivores- Plant eaters like deer and rabbits. • Carnivores- Animals that eat other animals. (meat eaters) • Ex. Frogs and Spiders eat Insects. • Omnivores- Eat mostly plants and animals. • Ex. Pigs and Humans • Decomposers- Eat dead organisms • Ex. Worms • Competition occurs when two or more organisms seek the same resource at the same time.

  8. Type of Consumer??

  9. Symbiosis • A close relationship between species. • Organisms that live together and share resources. • Mutualism • A symbiotic relationship in which BOTH species BENEFIT • Ex. Lichens • Commensalism • A symbiotic relationship in which one partner BENEFITS but the other is NOT AFFECTED. • Ex. Clown fish and sea anemones • Parasitism • A symbiotic relationship in which one organisms BENEFITS but the other is HARMED. • Ex. Roundworms

  10. Food Chains • Food Chains- The feeding relationships among the organisms in a population.

  11. Niche- how an organism survives in its environment. • The role a species plays within a community • How it obtains food, shelter, finds a mate, avoids danger.

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