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Road to the Revolution

Road to the Revolution. I. Trouble after the War. A. GEORGE III BECOMES KING OF ENGLAND - 1760 1. HAS STRONG SUPPORT OF PARLIAMENT 2.WANTS TO BE BEST KING ENGLAND EVER HAD 3. VERY STUBBORN/NARROW MINDED. B. PROCLAMATION OF 1763

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Road to the Revolution

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  1. Road to the Revolution

  2. I. Trouble after the War A. GEORGE III BECOMES KING OF ENGLAND - 1760 1. HAS STRONG SUPPORT OF PARLIAMENT 2.WANTS TO BE BEST KING ENGLAND EVER HAD 3. VERY STUBBORN/NARROW MINDED

  3. B. PROCLAMATION OF 1763 1. Americans were promised Ohio Valley if they help British fight French 2. Indians attacks British forts along the frontier a. Pontiac’s Rebellion Ottawa Chief 3. British realize colonists can't defend frontier a. Proclamation of 1763 1. colonists not allowed to settle west of the Appalachians 2. colonial inhabitants must leave 3. colonists feel cheated – ignore law

  4. C. GEORGE GRENVILLE BECOMES COLONIAL Financial administrator - 1. ENFORCES NAVIGATION ACTS - Britain needs money after an expensive war - Colonies should pay for their own protection. 2. SUGAR ACT – TAX ON SUGAR AND MOLASSES a. Indirect tax b. Most colonists not upset about the tax

  5. D. STAMP ACT 1765 1. placed a tax on all legal & commercial documents used in the colonies a. Direct Tax b. DO NOT WRITE Compare the average tax paid 1765 1. American colonist = 6 pence a year 2. Englishman = 26 shilling a year 2. deeds, mortgages, bonds, newspapers, wills, licenses, diplomas, playing cards 3. Stamps cost from 1 cent to $50. depending on importance of document.

  6. 4. SONS OF LIBERTY a. SECRET SOCIETY TO RESIST THE STAMP ACT b. Enforced boycotts c. Led by Samuel Adams 5.DAUGHTERS OF LIBERTY a. FIND SUBSTITUTES FOR BOYCOTTED GOODS b. WEAVE HOMESPUN CLOTH c. USE COFFEE INSTEAD OF TEA

  7. 6. STAMP ACT CONGRESS - OCT. 1765 • MET IN NEW YORK CITY TO PROTEST THE STAMP ACT • ENGLISHMEN CAN ONLY BE TAXED WITH CONSENT • ONLY COLONIAL ASSEMBLIES CAN TAX COLONIES • COLONISTS DON’T OBJECT TO THE TAX : IT’S THEPRINCIPLE BEHIND THE TAX • “NO TAXATION W/O REPRESENTATION” • 1766 – Stamp Act repealed – because no one obeyed • Declaratory Act – right to rule and tax • Troops were sent to the colonies to help collect taxes

  8. 7. TOWNSHEND ACTS • New Tax on: paint, glass, lead, paper, tea • allowed “Writs of assistance” – blank search warrants • Colonists reaction • 1. non-importation act – stop taxable imports. • 2. COLONISTS BOYCOTT GOODS • 3. Talk of Independence • 4. SEND A PETITION TO THE KING • 5. PARLIAMENT FORCED TO REPEAL TOWNSHEND ACTS • 6. KEEP TAX ON TEA TO SHOW PARLIAMENT HAS THE RIGHT TO TAX THE COLONIES. 3d = 3 shilling

  9. 8. BOSTON MASSACRE

  10. 9. BOSTON TEA PARTY - 1773 • a. AM. BOYCOTT OF TEA HURTING BRITISH MERCHANTS • Prime Minister Planned TO END tea tax • East India Tea Company was going bankrupt • Parliament passed a law eliminating the tax on East India Tea ONLY • COLONISTS WILL NOT BE ABLE TO PASS UP A BARGAIN and a reduction in price.

  11. BOSTON TEA PARTY • AMERICANS ARE OUTRAGED • Principle– government decides which company fails/succeeds. • 50 COLONISTS DRESSED AS MOHAWK INDIANS THROW 342 CHEST OF TEA INTO HARBOR TEA VALUE - $ 75,000

  12. 10. INTOLERABLE ACTS (AKA Coersive) A. 5 LAWS TO PUNISH COLONISTS FOR TEA PARTY • CLOSED BOSTON HARBOR UNTIL TEA WAS PAID FOR • Disbanded all colonial legislation • All trials take place in England • QUARTERING ACT – BR. SOLDIERS HOUSED IN COLONIAL HOMES • Take the promised land (OHIO) gave it to Quebec

  13. 10. FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS • MET IN PHILADELPHIA IN SEPT. 1775 • ALL COLONIES EXCEPT GA. PRESENT • DISCUSS SITUATION IN BOSTON • Continue continental boycotts • PETITION KING DEMANDING SELF GOV’T • AGREE TO MEET the next YEAR IF SITUATION IS NOT IMPROVED • Funded weapons for Massachusetts

  14. LEXINGTON and CONCORD (April 19, 1775) II. THE START OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

  15. B. Minutemen/miltia: trained on weekends.

  16. C. General Thomas Gage sends700Redcoats military supply cache the minutemen have at Concord.

  17. 1. Paul Revere, William Dawes, and Samuel Prescott ride from Boston to warn of the British advance. Revere Dawes

  18. 2. 77minutemen gathered atLexington.start to break up when ordered by theBritish. 3. “The Shot Hear Around The World”Who shot first? Unknown, who made the shot 4. 8 Americans killed, 10 wounded

  19. 5. Concord - North Bridge, large group of minutemen see a fire in Concord. Ambush Redcoats at the North Bridge killing two.

  20. British were swarmed and began to flee. The Redcoats break ranks and run to Boston under sniper attack. 99Redcoats killed. 49Americans killed. 8. British are bottle up inside Boston by the newly arrived militia.

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