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Animal Science Digestive Systems

Animal Science Digestive Systems. Chickens. Pigs. Beef Cattle. Dairy Cattle. Horses. Turkeys. Dogs. Goats. Sheep. Rabbits. Cats. Ostrich. Deer. Types of Digestive Systems. Hind Gut Fermentors. Avian. Monogastrics. Ruminants. Pigs. Dogs. Cats. Monogastrics.

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Animal Science Digestive Systems

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  1. Animal Science Digestive Systems

  2. Chickens Pigs Beef Cattle Dairy Cattle Horses Turkeys Dogs Goats Sheep Rabbits Cats Ostrich Deer Types of Digestive Systems Hind Gut Fermentors Avian Monogastrics Ruminants

  3. Pigs Dogs Cats Monogastrics • One compartment stomach • Cannot digest grass or hay • Secretes acid and enzymes that digest food • Need high energy diets Humans

  4. Liver Pancreas Cecum Rectum Esophagus Stomach Duodenum Colon Small intestine (jejunum, ileum) Digestive Tract - Pig

  5. Organs of Digestive System Monogastrics • Mouth • Mechanical breakdown of foodstuffs by chewing • Saliva added as a lubricant and begins digestion. • Esophagus • Tube connecting the mouth to the stomach.

  6. Organs of Digestive System Monogastrics • Stomach • Enzymatic digestion of proteins begins. • Food reduced to liquid form. • Liver • Center of metabolic activity in the body. • Provides bile salts to small intestine (needed for digestion and absorption of fats).

  7. Organs of Digestive System Monogastrics • Pancreas • Provides digestive enzymes to the small intestine to help in digestion of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. • Small Intestine • 3 sections – duodenum, jejunum, ileum • Site of final stages of chemical enzymatic digestion. • Where almost all nutrients are absorbed.

  8. Organs of Digestive System Monogastrics • Large Intestine • 3 sections – cecum, colon, rectum • Site of water absorption • Feces formed.

  9. Chickens Turkeys Avian • Considered monogastric • One compartment stomach • Cannot digest grass or hay • Secretes acid and enzymes that digest food • Need high energy diets

  10. Gall bladder Liver Cecum Gizzard Esophagus Crop Proventriculus Cloaca Pancreas Large intestine Duodenum Small intestine (jejunum, ileum) Digestive Tract - Poultry

  11. Organs of Digestive System Avian • Beak • No lips, no teeth, and no chewing. • Crop • Pocket of the esophagus that provides storage for consumed food. • Food is moistened and softened

  12. Organs of Digestive System Avian • Proventriculus • Glandular stomach adds digestive juices • Gizzard • Grinds and breaks up food. • May contain grit (small stones) eaten by bird.

  13. Organs of Digestive System Avian • Cloaca • Common chamber into which the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts open.

  14. Beef Cattle Dairy Cattle Goats Sheep Deer Ruminants • Most herbivores • Fore-gut fermentation vat for grass and hay • Four compartment stomach (not four stomachs) • Chews cud

  15. Small intestine Rumen Rectum Pancreas Omasum Esophagus Large intestine Reticulum Abomasum Cecum Liver Gall bladder Digestive Tract - Cattle

  16. Organs of Digestive System Ruminants • Mouth, esophagus, liver, pancreas, small intestine, and large intestine have functions similar to monogastrics. • Stomach • Multi-compartmented stomach – rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum.

  17. Parts of the Ruminant Stomach • Rumen: • Largest compartment • “Fermentation Vat” • Digests forages

  18. Parts of the Ruminant Stomach • Rumen (continued): • Lined with millions of papillae (short projections on wall of rumen) needed for absorption. • “Shag carpet” appearance

  19. Parts of Ruminant Stomach • Reticulum: • Contains microorganisms (like the rumen). • Catches non-digested material. • “The Honeycomb” • Catches and holds hardware consumed by animal. • Hardware can be removed with rumen magnet.

  20. Parts of Ruminant Stomach • Omasum: • “The Book” • A heavy, hard organ with a lining that has many folds • Function not well understood. • Filters large particles back to reticulum • Absorbs water

  21. Organs of Digestive System Monogastrics • Abomasum: • “True Stomach” • Similar to monogastric or human stomach • Digests grains and breaks down proteins

  22. Horses Rabbits Ostrich Hind-gut Fermenters • One simple, glandular stomach • Hind-gut fermenter (Cecum) digests plant fiber • Must graze often • Must have fiber (grass or hay)

  23. Small intestine Rectum Cecum Esophagus Stomach Small colon Duodenum Large colon Digestive Tract - Horse

  24. Organs of Digestive System Hind-Gut Fermentors • Mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, and small intestine have similar functions as compared to monogastrics. • Cecum • Large and complex compared to monogastrics and ruminants. • Cecum similar to rumen in ruminants • Fermentation vat • Microbes to break down fiber

  25. Digestive Tract Type? Liver Pancreas Cecum Rectum Esophagus Stomach Duodenum Colon Small intestine (jejunum, ileum)

  26. Digestive Tract Type? Gall bladder Liver Cecum Gizzard Esophagus Crop Proventriculus Cloaca Pancreas Large intestine Duodenum Small intestine (jejunum, ileum)

  27. Digestive Tract Type? Small intestine Rumen Rectum Pancreas Omasum Esophagus Large intestine Reticulum Abomasum Cecum Liver Gall bladder

  28. Digestive Tract Type? Small intestine Rectum Cecum Esophagus Stomach Small colon Duodenum Large colon

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