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Unit 11. Oceans. Engage. MONDAY How does the ocean get salty? Why are drainage systems a key part of making the ocean salty? http ://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vK-_ ISVek28 4:56-5:57 -How does this video link what we have learned in the last unit to what we will be learning in this unit?
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Unit 11 Oceans
Engage MONDAY How does the ocean get salty? Why are drainage systems a key part of making the ocean salty? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vK-_ISVek28 4:56-5:57 -How does this video link what we have learned in the last unit to what we will be learning in this unit? THURSDAY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3NIDsIEBU4 (Watch from 5:25-7:20) -Pause at 5:35 to make hypotheses and discuss. - Pause at 6:14 to make hypotheses and discuss. -Pause at 6:49 What does thermo mean? -Pause at 6:51 What does haline mean? -Remembering your Tuesday activities, what does a thermohaline current do?
A) Composition 1) 96.5% ________. 2) 3.5% ____ and other solids. Think about it: What two ions bond to make salt? Which two ions are the most abundant in this chart?
B) Salinity– measure of the amount of salts dissolved in seawater 1) Ocean water averages 34.5 g/kg 2) Higher salinity where: a) high evaporation b) low rainfall c) warm water • 3) Lower salinity where: • a) large _____ flow • into the ocean • b) high rainfall • c) melting ice
C) Temperature 1) Surface zone is warmed by the sun a) 28oC near the equator b) -2oC near the poles c) mixing by waves and wind can transfer heat to 100 – 400m deep
2) Thermocline – zone of rapid temperature change beneath the surface zone. a) water temperature drops to 4oC or less than 1oC in the deep zone depending on location and season.
D) Density ranges from 1.026 to 1.028 g/cm3 1) High salinity is denser than low salinity 2) Colder is denser than warm E) Pressure increases rapidly with depth
A) Surface Currents– parts of the upper ocean that move continuously in a certain direction 1) Powered by ________ a) move in the same pattern as winds. 2) Distribute heat from warm areas to cooler areas a) the Gulf Stream carries warm water up the Atlantic Coastline of the US. b) ships use currents to carry them faster.
3) Coriolis Effect – changes direction of free-moving objects to the right north of the equator and to the left south of the equator a) causes ocean currents to move in a circular pattern
B) Density Currents– currents caused by a difference in density of water 1) Ice forming at the poles leaves salt in the remaining water 2) The cold salty water sinks and flows very slowly toward the equator Did you know? This density current loop is a ____ year round trip!
C) Upwelling– current that brings deep, cold water up to the surface. 1) _______ blows surface water away from a continent’s edge. 2) Deep, cold water rises to replace the surface water. 3) Full of _________, sogreat for fishing.
A)Waves– regular disturbances that carry energy through matter or space without carrying matter 1) Caused by _____ blowing across the surface. 2) Earthquakes can cause a wave called a _____. 3) Particles in waves move in __________. 4) Breaker – a wave that forms a sharp peak and then falls forward as it reaches the shore. a) friction with the ocean bottom slows the bottom down b) the top outruns the bottom of the wave
B) Parts of Waves Draw this! Wave Height 1) _________ – high point of a wave 2) _________ – low point of a wave 3) _________ – distance between a point on one wave and an identical point on the next wave 4) _________– distance between the crest and the trough
Play Video 3:05
