What are the formulas for complex and compound-complex sentences?

1. Complex and Compound- Complex Sentences What are the formulas for complex and compound-complex sentences?

2. Let’s Review! • What makes an independent clause? a subject and a verb • What is the difference between a simple sentence and a compound sentence? simple has all subjects doing the same thing, and compound has all subjects doing different things. • How can we join two independent clauses? 1) comma and coordinating conjunction (I,cI) 2) semicolon (I;I)

3. Let’s Try It Out! ) ( ( • I want to see my sister soon for she has been in Switzerland for two years. • Bobby ran to the car and grabbed his bag. • The book was written by Thomas and Allison. • Cindy ate ice cream and Joe ate pizza. , ) (I,cI) (SVV) (SV) ) ( ( ) , (I,cI)

4. Independent Has a subject and verb CAN stand alone Dependent Has a subject and verb CANNOT stand alone Has a subordinating conjunction at the beginning Independent v. Dependent Clauses

5. Subordinating Conjunctions“A White Bus” • A • W • H • I • T • E • B • U • S • after, although, as, as if, as long as, • as soon as, as though • while, when, whenever, where, wherever • how • if, in order • than, though, that • even though • because • until, unless • so that, since

6. Check out these examples… Find the subordinating conjunctions and you have found the dependent clause…. • I like Sally because she is funny. • Kathy will be late for dinner since the meeting is still in progress. • The game will end when one team scores.

7. Complex Has one independent clause and one dependent clause Compound-Complex Has two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause Complex v. Compound-Complex

8. Complex Sentences Formulas One Independent Clause One Dependent Clause D, I= , When he finished the test, he decided to read a book. One Independent Clause One Dependent Clause I D= He decided to read a bookwhen he finished the test.

9. Complex Sentence Formulas D, I = dependent clause – comma – independent clause Ex: When I get to Phoenix, you will be sleeping. ID = independent clause – dependent clause Ex: You will be sleeping when I get to Phoenix.

10. Compound-Complex Sentence Formulas D, I, cI= Dependent Clause Independent Clause Independent Clause , ,c Although she wanted to get goodgrades,she had difficulty focusing, so she received poor grades on her report card. Dependent Clause Independent Clause Independent Clause ; D, I;I= , Whenever Sofina wants a good book,she goes to the library; a librarian helps her to locate one.

11. Compound-Complex Sentence Formulas ID, cI= Independent Clause Dependent Clause Independent Clause ,c Jean had a headache after the party, soPaul cleaned up. Independent Clause Dependent Clause Independent Clause ID;I= ; Jennifer calls Craig whenever she feels sad;he cheers her up.

12. Compound-Complex Formulas D, I, c I = dependent clause – comma – independent clause – comma – conjunction – independent clause Ex: After the party was over, Jean had a headache, so Paul cleaned up the house. D, I;I = dependent clause – comma – independent clause – semicolon – independent clause Ex: Whenever Jennifer feels sad, she calls Jacob; he cheers her up.

13. Compound-Complex cont. ID, c I = independent clause – dependent clause – comma – conjunction – independent clause Ex: Jean had a headache after the party was over, so Paul cleaned up the house. ID;I = independent clause – dependent clause – semicolon – independent clause Ex: Jennifer calls Jacob whenever she feels sad; he cheers her up.

14. Compound-Complex cont. I, c ID = independent clause – comma – conjunction – independent clause – dependent clause Ex: Jean had a headache, so Paul cleaned up the house after the party was over. I;ID = independent clause – semicolon – independent clause – dependent clause Ex: Jennifer calls Jacob; he cheers her up whenever she feels sad.

15. WATCH OUT!!! IfI comes before D, we don’t need a comma unless the D begins with the subordination conjunction, “which”!!!!