THE CHANGING CULTURE & CHALLENGING TRANSITION OF THE 1920’S

1. THE CHANGING CULTURE & CHALLENGING TRANSITION OF THE 1920’S http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAfallA.htm http://faculty.pittstate.edu/~knichols/syncopate.html http://www.sgis.org/page.cfm?p=3370 http://www.vintageperiods.com/prohibition.php

2. Section 1: • Political Changes • Industry Booms • Section 2 • American face new opportunities, challenges, and fears • Section 3 • Musicians, artists, actors, and writers contributed to popular culture Themes Present in American History During the 1920’s

3. POST-WAR RECESSION 1918-1921 • Why did the government no longer needed war supplies? • What happens when you cut back on production? • Who was looking for jobs? • Why would people begin rushing to buy products? • Outcome • Wages could not keep up with rising prices. • Workers went on strike ECONOMIC CHALLENGES: WHY DO WE NEED A RETURN TO PROSPERITY?

4. Trickle Down Theory • Tax cuts for the wealthy • Incentive to get the wealthy to invest in new business and create jobs • This would “trickle down” to the less well off Americans Economic Theme in American History for the 1920’s WHAT ARE SOME BELIEFS ON HOW TO STABILIZE THE ECONOMY?

5. BUSINESS BOOMS WITH FORD • Named the Tin Lizzie (affordable) • 1908 the Model T cost $850 1925 the Model T cost $290 • What is an installment plan? • By on credit making monthly payments • How did the mass production of cars “trickle down”? Economic Theme in American History for the 1920’s BEEP BEEP! BUSINESS BOOMS http://ford-parts.uneedapart.com/ford-model-t-parts.php

6. Political Theme in American History for the 1920’s 3 Republican Presidents During the Span of the 1920’s (Harding, Coolidge, Hoover) 1920 Presidential Election Harding and Coolidge win! Normalcy? Trickle Down Theory No support for James M. Cox who supported Wilson’s Democratic reform movement TEAPOT DOME SCANDALS Albert Fall convicted of accepting $ from private oil companies; he exchanged these gifts companies had control of government oil reserves. http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/lectures/lecture15.html

7. Political Theme in American History for the 1920’s Coolidge is President in 1923 supporting raising tariffs on foreign good; trade increased-rare -Won 1924 election Accused of being laissez-faire 1928 election brought Herbert Hoover for efficiency Believed that men could rise up No federal relief for Americans made him highly unpopular Solution was to tax the wealthy http://reason.com/blog/2009/11/10/what-calvin-coolidge-can-teach http://www.nndb.com/people/429/000026351/

8. Independence leaves behind tradition • flappers-short hair, shorter dresses, makeup. • Advertising • Buy this and you will be happy • Motion Pictures • Talkie (with sound) Social Theme in American History for the 1920’s Fun leads to fear Red Scare Fear of Communism after they take control of Russia during what was called the Bolshevik Revolution Workers strike in U.S. as a solution to poverty (anarchy) Postal package bombs Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer Police? Palmer Raids Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti-arrested for murder-Anarchists? Emergency Quota Act of 1921 to restrict immigration 3% of annual population 1924 2% Immigration Act http://www.fashion-era.com/1920s/1920s_photos_flapper_dress.htm http://www.scpeacecenter.org/events.html

9. What is a pro to prohibition? • What is a con to prohibition? Social Theme in American History for the 1920’s 18th amendment (Prohibition-1919): the illegal manufacturing, sale, and transportation of alcohol Volstead Act: legislative outline of restriction and penalties resulting from the 18th amendment Woodrow Wilson vetoed the act, but Congress overrode his veto by a 2/3 majority

10. Religious Theme in American History for the 1920’s Traditional values challenged and a religious movement began The concept of fundamentalism Word for word interpretation of the bible Scientific theories directly objected theories of fundamentalism Scopes Trial: John T. Scopes was put on trial for teaching the scientific theory of evolution Convicted and fined $100 for breaking the law($1,200 today) William Jennings Bryan (prosecution): Conflict of science and faith Clarence Darrow (Defense): Battle over free speech http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/web/20060710-john-scopes-creationism-evolution-darwin-intelligent-design-william-jennings-bryan-monkey-trial.shtml

11. Cultural Theme in American History for the 1920’s Langston Hughes The Harlem Renaissances was a period of African American artistic accomplishment with New York City as the center Writing was flourishing by criticizing American society They became known as the “Lost Generation” Many left for Paris to form their own community (expatriates) Famous novels of this time include: Ernest Hemingway The Sun Also Rises F. Scott Fitzgerald The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald http://langstonhughesfacts.com/ Ernest Hemingway http://media.photobucket.com/image/f.+Scott+Fitzgerald+/forschooool/f-scott-fitzgerald.jpg http://www.superhappiness.com/ernest-hemingway.html

12. Cultural Theme in American History for the 1920’s 1921 World Series: NY Giants v. NY Yankees (who won?) (5 of 9) First to broadcasted over the radio 1927 Charles Lindbergh completed a non-stop flight across the Atlantic Who was the first woman fly across the Atlantic? LINDBERGH LAW (FEDERAL OFFENSE CHILD ABDUCTION) Jazz Age: developed in New Orleans as African American spirituals and European harmony Arguments between older and younger generations http://www.baseballlibrary.com/excerpts/excerpt.php?book=new_york_yankees&page=16 http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2008/09/dayintech_0929