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Public Private Participation in Education Dr. Kumud Bansal UPAAM Lucknow 23 rd June 2010. Contents. Rationale for PPP PPP in School Education PPP in Higher & Technical Education The Road ahead Experiences from Maharashtra. Rationale for PPP.
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Public Private Participation in EducationDr. Kumud BansalUPAAMLucknow23rd June 2010
Contents • Rationale for PPP • PPP in School Education • PPP in Higher & Technical Education • The Road ahead • Experiences from Maharashtra
Rationale for PPP • PPP is contractual relationship between the Government and the Private Sector for a specific project for which the responsibility of providing public service like education rests with the Government but the infrastructure provision or service delivery is entrusted to private sector. • PPP as a mode of functioning is widely accepted in core sectors like roads, highways, ports, railways, bridges etc.
Rationale for PPP • Easing the budget constraints: There is a huge gap between requirement and provision of financial resources. • Provision made in the XI Plan for education: Outlay (Rs. Crores) Required (Rs. Crores) Higher & Tech. Education 30,000 2,52,00,000 Secondary Education 53,550 1,45,000 • Only 10% of the relevant age group of 18-23 enrolled in colleges and universities. • The NKC has proposed that to reach GER 15% by 2012, we would require 1,500 universities as against 480 today. As against this in the XI Plan only 30 new Central Universities were planned. The resource gap is obvious.
Rationale for PPP • Efficiency gains due to specialization of the private sector e.g. innovative design, appropriate instrument for raising funds, provide support services with greater efficiency. • Speed of implementation, reduction of costs due to greater managerial efficiency. • Accountability for performance – failed school in PPP model would mean no payment. • Quality monitoring. Government will monitor the quality as payment is related to quality.
Rationale for PPP • Greater flexibility. In PPP the private partner will have higher autonomy and flexibility in the functioning of the educational institutions.
PPP in School Education • Under PPP contract following range of services can be provided in varying combinations. • Infrastructure services (design, build , maintain building) • Non-educational services (catering, transport of students etc.) • Support services (IT facility, library, playfield, gymnasium etc.) • Educational services • Teachers’ training • Management of public schools (with existing staff , facilities) • Operation of public schools (provision of teaching /non-teaching services including staff) • Provision of schooling in private schools for publicly funded students (voucher system)
PPP in School Education • Existing PPP models in India • Government aided schools. • Grant of land at concessional rate for schools • RTE 25% reservation of under privileged children in unaided schools. The cost is to be reimbursed by the State at the rate of per child in Government school. • Out of 6,000 model secondary schools, 2,500 secondary schools to be set up under PPP.
PPP in Higher & Technical Education • Government aided colleges. • Land at concessional rate. • Vocational courses in degree colleges on self-sustaining basis
The Road Ahead • The basic infrastructure model – private sector provides the basic infrastructure while Government runs and manages the institutions and makes annual payment to the private sector • Outsourcing model – Where private sector invests in infrastructure, operates and manages the institutions. Government makes annual payments against outcome. • Equity or hybrid model – where investment in infrastructure is shared by Government and private sector and operation and management vests with the private sector. • Reverse outsourcing model – where Government invests in infrastructure and private sector takes the responsibility of operation and management.
The Road Ahead • There is a need for detailed framework for scope, measurable outcome for the contract / partnership with the private sector. • Need for transparent selection criteria. • Harmonization of concerns of the Constitutional responsibility of local bodies for school education with the private participation. • Vocational education courses and technical education to be liberally started with the help of private players and industries. • World class universities could be either in PPP or private sector.
Experiences from Maharashtra • About 94% secondary schools have been set up private management. They were brought in grant-in-aid pattern from early 70s. • Vocational education – 5129 vocational institutions are run by private providers as against 240 Government and 1286 aided institutions. 5 lacs students study in the private unaided vocational institutions . Exams are held by the State Vocational Education Board. • 343 ITIs are unaided . • Higher education – There are only 11 government colleges. The remaining 3035 colleges are set up by the private management.
Experiences from Maharashtra • Out of 271 engineering colleges, only 6 are Government colleges. The remaining are all private unaided, many of whom have got land on concessional rates from the State Government. • Recent private sector participation in evaluation of Government schools by Educational Initiatives and ASER Report prepared by an NGO Prathan.
