Programme Communication for Child Survival and Development (CSD)

1. Programme Communication for Child Survival and Development (CSD) Who can help us?

2. ... scale up ... accelerate MDGdeadlines community driven ... participatory ... Community ownership Who can help us doing WHAT? Achieve large-scale measurable results concerning sustained change of at least 4 key behaviors (CSD)

3. UNICEF Programme Communication on country level suffers from: Insufficient integration into the other programmes, lack of funding. Frequently changing occupation of the post of Programme Communication Officer. Long periods of post being vacant or being temporarily occupied by External Relations / InfoCom / Advocacy Officers or consultants. Prevailing orientation on message delivery. Circumstantial partnerships with external C4D specialists. Insufficient capitalization of lessons learnt Poor institutional memory Inappropriate communication approach for generating change 24.05.2014

4. C4D Professionals - some observations: Diverse technical capacities all over the region varying from country to country and depending on historical, political and socio-cultural contexts Represented in French, English and Portuguese speaking countries Having experience in partnering with development agencies (incl. UNICEF) Looking at partnerships with hope ... and restraint Committed to contribute to UNICEF programmes, yet looking for change concerning partnership and prevailing C4D concepts/practice Opportunities for UNICEF Learning challenges Change challenges 24.05.2014 4

5. Who are these people, what are they doing, and where? • Community radio broadcast • Theatre for development • Soap operas for change (Radio & TV) • Film and interactive video • PAR, PRA, PLA, MARP, MAPP, ... • Academia and training institutions

6. Community radio broadcast • National networks in most of the countries: • Benin, Burkina Faso, DRC, Ghana, Guinée, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo, ... • Upcoming networks in: • Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Sierra Leone, others (please add ...) • All Africa networks: • AMARC Africa (Community radio broadcasters) • Agence Intergouvernementale de la Francophonie (AIF): ReR Afrique (community and local public radio stations) • Radio Nederlands World, Africa Office (more than 500 local radios assisted) • Our guests being: • Mrs. Wilna Quarmyne: GCRN • Mr. Oumar Seck Ndiaye: URAC

7. Theatre for development • 3 Centers of reference: • Burkina Faso (for French speaking countries) • Nigeria (for English speaking countries) • Brazil (not limited to Portuguese speaking countries) • Single experiences in: • Bénin, Cameroon, CAR, Chad, Congo, Côte d‘Ivoire, DRC, Mali, Sénégal, Togo, and others ... • Ghana, Liberia, Sierra Leone, The Gambia, ... • Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé & Principe • Our guest being: • Mr. Prosper Kompaoré: ATB

8. Soap operas for change (Radio & TV) • Serial soap operas (with more than 100 episodes) developed through an inter-active process with audience. • Radio serial drama in: • Burkina Faso, Côte d‘Ivoire, Mali, Nigeria, Sénégal and others ... • Soap operas for change on TV: • Depending on accessibility of tv devices and coverage • Other experiences: • Please add • Our guest being: • Mrs. Kriss Barker, PMC

9. Film and interactive video • Mobile screening of African fiction and educational films helping to focus interpersonal communication on child relevant issues • Participatory community filming and feed-back for common reflection on community relevant issues and actions to be taken • Participatory rural appraisal supported by video production and screening in order to prepare community action plans

10. Film and interactive video • Network of Cinéma Numérique Ambulant (CNA): • Bénin, Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger. • Vidéo Village: • Bénin • CINOMADE: • Burkina Faso • Action Aid: • The Gambia • Participatory rural appraisal through video: • Ghana University together with CIKOD • Other experiences: • C4C: Liberia, Guinée • please add ... • Our guest being: • Mrs. Kadidia Sidibé, CNA

11. PRA, PLA, MARP, MAPP, ... • Ownership of data: • The process of data generation • Use of data for participatory m+e • Knowledge generation and management as an important step to self-determination • A need for baseline data: • The starting point • Monitor progress • Evaluate impact • The most frequent solution: • Household survey Challenge: participatory assessment, monitoring and evaluation of impact on behavior and social change

12. PRA, PLA, MARP, MAPP, ... • Challenges: • Cost (time and money) • Technical capacity • Build capacity at scale: • Networking of local PAR practitioners • Advocate to stakeholders • Develop a toolkit: PAR for CSD • Train community agents in abbreviated PAR process and community dialogue Inspired by AED: Community-based, participatory action-research on avian influenza • IIED (Robert Chambers): • Mainly in the areas of participatory resource management, rural development, ... • IIED Sahel: • Network in French speaking countries (Réseau MARP: BF, Mali, Niger, Sénégal) partnering with different national NGO • English speaking hemisphere: • Universities of Ghana and Nigeria • Anthropology for change: • APAD network Challenge: participatory assessment, monitoring and evaluation of impact on behavior and social change

13. Academia and training institutions • Networking with: • Community radio stations • TfD practioneers • Participatory video professionals and field workers • Change agents („front line staff“) • C4D NGO • University Cheikh Anta Diop in Dakar • CESTI (Media) • Adult Education • University of Ouagadougou • Communication Department (C4D Faculty) • University of Ghana (Legon and Cape Cost): • Institute of African Studies (TfD) • School of Communication Studies (Mass Media) • School of Performing Arts (TfD) • Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria • Faculty of Arts, Nigerian Popular Theatre Alliance • Theatre for Development Centre • University of Lagos, Nigeria • Department of Mass Communication • Universities of Jos and Ibadan, Nigeria • Theatre for Development Departments

14. Partnering: main requirements for performance and impact: Concepts of programme communication and co-operation with C4D partners are discussed and agreed upon Quality standards are commonly adopted, monitored and further developed External conditions: Political and institutional frameworks are favorable = fertile ground for sustaining impact 24.05.2014

15. Partnering: main requirements (1) Concepts of programme communication and co-operation with C4D partners are discussed and agreed upon • What kind of help is UNICEF looking for and C4D profs are able and willing to provide? • Using the communication channels of selected C4D organizations ..... OR: • Working on common programme communication strategies: • Design • Monitoring of implementation • Evaluation and documentation 24.05.2014

16. Partnering: main requirements (1) Concepts of programme communication and co-operation with C4D partners are discussed and agreed upon • Are mutual expectations compatible? • Subcontracting C4D service deliverers on circumstantial basis ........ OR: • Building up medium and long term partnerships: • Common learning through capitalization of lessons learnt • Building institutional memory and enhancing capacity 24.05.2014

17. Partnering: main requirements (1) Concepts of programme communication and co-operation with C4D partners are discussed and agreed upon • Are mutual apprehensions communicable? “They have only limited professional capacity...using false labeling ...” “They are just looking for a well paid opportunity...” “They want us to resolve their problems and then forget us...” “They are using us as the fire brigade when their programs ain’t work...” 24.05.2014

18. Partnering: main requirements (1) Concepts of programme communication and co-operation with C4D partners are discussed and agreed upon • C4D concepts • Mutual expectations and apprehensions of partnership UNICEF‘s role: Contribute to adoption of agreed co-operation standards with C4D partners 24.05.2014

19. Partnering: main requirements (2) Quality standards are commonly adopted, monitored and further developed • Conceptual approach • Agreement on human rights based communication approach referring to 3 main principles: • Inclusion • Participation • Self-determination • ... privileging horizontal and bottom-up communication streams fostering dialogue and social learning 24.05.2014

20. Partnering: main requirements (2) Quality standards are commonly adopted, monitored and further developed • Conceptual approach • Clear definition of the purpose of C4D activities: • Information for awareness raising? • Social mobilization? • CBSC? • Advocacy? • Others ... ? 24.05.2014

21. Partnering: main requirements (2) Quality standards are commonly adopted, monitored and further developed • Conceptual approach • Clear understanding of the level of interaction with people: • Community level? • Meso level? • Macro level? • Knowledge and respect of legitimate aspirations of interlocutors? • Appropriateness of codes, channels and tools? 24.05.2014

22. Partnering: main requirements (2) Quality standards are commonly adopted, monitored and further developed • Conceptual approach • Participatory C4D design, implementation and assessment: • Who is getting involved at which stage? • Who is formulating which kind of messages for whom and who is listening to whom? • Who are the main people in charge of communication? • How is impact assessment being designed and which are the ways to improve quality? 24.05.2014

23. Partnering: main requirements (2) Quality standards are commonly adopted, monitored and further developed • Conceptual approach • Well balanced articulation between interpersonal communication and media support: • Integration with endogenous communicators for change (facilitators, “birth-givers”) for keeping momentum • Integration with “front-line staff” preparing the field, doing follow-up and linking to the outside world • Linking with radio listening clubs, community theatre groups 24.05.2014

24. Partnering: main requirements (2) Quality standards are commonly adopted, monitored and further developed • Capacity: • Professional • Strategy design, monitoring and impact evaluation • Processes and products corresponding to state-of-the art standards • Making their audience an active interlocutor in a two-way communication model • Based on principles and using techniques of adult education 24.05.2014

25. Partnering: main requirements (2) Quality standards are commonly adopted, monitored and further developed • Capacity: • Professional • Generating impact on desired change of 4 key behaviors, of social relationships, improved interaction between service deliverers and clients, improved public policies, institutions and processes • Generating impact on desired change in the area of C4D: access to information, accessibility of tools, transparency of C4D processes ... • Documenting, capitalizing and disseminating of lessons learnt 24.05.2014

26. Partnering: main requirements (2) Quality standards are commonly adopted, monitored and further developed • Capacity: • Institutional Soft capacities Team management Capacity building Funding systems Transparent financial management Multiple and sustained partnerships Networking Keeping track ... Hard capacities Appropriate communication equipments Operational office infrastructure, incl. electricity, telecommunication and computer 24.05.2014

27. Partnering: main requirements (2) Quality standards are commonly adopted, monitored and further developed • Conceptual approach • Professional und institutional capacity UNICEF‘s role: Contribute to capacity enhancement of selected C4D institutions and practitioners 24.05.2014

28. Partnering: main requirements (3) Ext. conditions: Political and institutional frameworks are favorable = fertile ground for sustaining impact • Are appropriate political and institutional conditions in place? Historical context and political (in)stability Child relevant public policies: health, education, family, poverty reduction, ... Overall political framework: good governance, incl. decentralization and local governance, civil society, freedom of expression, freedom of organization Mechanisms of law enforcement UNICEF‘s role: Advocate for favorable macro frameworks through the UN system 24.05.2014

29. unicef Partnering? But networking? Why? How? YEAH!!!!

30. Good reasons: Value complementarity Regional integration and mutual learning Evidencing best practices Building capacity and institutional memory Keeping momentum (BC and SC processes take time) Growing impact Wider access to funding Risks: Empty bottle Administrative act Deadborne child Hegemony Antagonistic approaches Paralyze capacity through destructive concurrence Opportunistic reasons to join (market+) Poor management Networking

31. Initiate common in-country networks through a 1-year process in a limited number of countries with favorable conditions Work with existing networks (mapping, assessment = work in progress) and value complementarity of capacities Associate them in joint programming for reaching common goals Joint implementation plan, clearly defined milestones, joint monitoring of indicators Continuously assess capacity and suitability of partners, if necessary and useful invest in further capacity building Joint outcome evaluation Outcome 1: National Coalition(s) of C4 CSD monitored on CO level Networking - way forward (1)

32. Connect National Coalitions of C4 CSD to a growing WCARO network: Build on existing regional networks Regularly organize mutual exchange meetings for common learning through analyzing elements of best practice Commonly design and adopt quality indicators, network membership criteria and management mechanisms Undertake a WCARO partipatory outcome evaluation Outcome 2: WCA network of National Coalitions of C4 CSD monitored on WCARO level in close co-operation with Task Team WCAC4CSD.Net Networking - way forward (2)