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Review Efficacy Residual Impact on yield

Thrips Control in Seedling Cotton. S. D. Stewart, K. L. Willis, B. A. Hanks, and S. J. Steckel (University of Tennessee) G. M. Lorenz and C. K. Colwell (University of Arkansas). Review Efficacy Residual Impact on yield. Untreated Treated. Thrips. Pest Complex

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Review Efficacy Residual Impact on yield

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  1. Thrips Control in Seedling Cotton S. D. Stewart, K. L. Willis,B. A. Hanks, and S. J. Steckel (University of Tennessee) G. M. Lorenz and C. K. Colwell (University of Arkansas) • Review • Efficacy • Residual • Impact on yield

  2. Untreated Treated Thrips • Pest Complex • Tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca) • Eastern flower thrips (F. tritici) • Western flower thrips (F. occidentalis) • Potential Injury • Leaf and terminal injury • Stunting • Delay in squaring • Plant or terminal death • Maturity delay • Crazy cotton • Stand and yield loss

  3. Univ. California IPM Program Thrips Biology • Multiple generation per year • Overlapping generations are typical • In seedling cotton, population often peak in late May or early June • Numerous alternate hosts are sources of infestations Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): A multi-state survey: summary of observations for Arkansas, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee

  4. Thrips Management • Preventative in-furrow insecticides or seed treatments are routinely recommended • Temik 15G (aldicarb, 0.53-0.75 lb ai/acre = 3.5-5 lb/a) • Gaucho Grande (imidacloprid, 0.375 mg ai/seed) • Cruiser (thiamethoxam, 0.30-0.34 mg ai/seed) • Avicta Complete Pack (0.34 mg ai thiamethoxam/seed) • In-furrow Orthene or acephate (0.90-0.97 lb ai/acre) • Seed treatment of 8-25 oz/cwt • Supplemental foliar applications as needed • Orthene (0.20-0.25 lb ai/a), Bidrin 8E (1.6-3 oz/a), Dimethoate 4E (4-6 oz/a)

  5. 20 4000 NS (P = 0.44, LSD = 419 lb) (LSD, P <0.05) a 15 3500 10 3000 b 5 bc bc bc bc bc bc c c 2500 0 Thrips/5 Plants (23 DAP) Seed Cotton (Lb/A) UTC Temik (3.5 lb) Temik (5.0 lb) KC791230 (3.5 lb) KC791230 (5.0 lb) Gaucho Grande (0.375 mg ai) Temik (3.5 lb) + G. Grande Acephate 90 (25 oz/cwt) Cruiser (0.34 mg ai) Couraze 2F IF (17.8 oz) Thrips Trial: Planted May 8Stewart et al., University of Tennessee, 2006

  6. 2900 30 (LSD, P < 0.05) (LSD, P < 0.05) 2800 25 a a 2700 a 20 a 2600 15 2500 10 2400 b 5 2300 b b b 2200 0 Seed Cotton (Lb/A) Thrips/5 Plants (21 DAP) UTC Gaucho Grande (0.375 mg ai) Gaucho 600 (9 oz/cwt) + Experimental Cruiser (0.34 mg ai) Thrips Trial: Early Planted (April 17)Stewart et al., University of Tennessee, 2006

  7. 20 1500 (LSD, P < 0.05) (LSD, P < 0.05) a 15 a 1000 ab b b b b b b b 10 500 5 b b b b b b b b 0 0 Thrips/5 Plants (24 DAP) Lint (Lb/A) UTC Cruiser (0.34 mg ai) Gaucho 600 (6.4 oz/cwt) Gaucho Grande (0.375 mg ai) Acephate 97 (25 oz/cwt) Acephate 97 (25 oz/cwt) + Acephate 97 (0.2 lb @ 1st leaf) Acephate 97 IF (1 lb) Temik (3.5 lb) KC791230 (3.5 lb) Thrips Trial: Early Planted (April 19)Stewart et al., University of Tennessee, 2005

  8. 50 (P < 0.01, LSD) 1000 NS (P > 0.10) 40 800 a 51 a 36 30 600 20 400 b 48 b 18 10 200 b 14 b 19 b 20 b 15 b 10 0 0 Mean Increase in Thrips from Previous Week (No./10 Plants), 15-22 DAP Lint (Lb/A) UTC Temik (5 lb) Temik (5 lb) + Temik SD (5 lb) Temik (3.5 lb) KC791230 (3.5 lb) KC791230 (5 lb) KC791230 (5 lb) + KC791230 SD (5 lb) Gaucho Grande (0.375 mg ai) Cruiser (0.32 mg ai) Thrips Trial: Planted May 5Lorenz et al., University of Arkansas, 2005

  9. 70 a a 60 a a a DPL444 - Gaucho ab 50 bc PHY370 - Gaucho b 40 STN4554 - Gaucho d Numbers 30 DPL444 - UTC b b b 20 PHY370 - UTC 10 STN4554 - UTC 0 Plants/34 Ft Squares/M (51 DAP) (67 DAP) (LSD, P < 0.05) Stand Loss and DelayStewart et al., University of TennesseePlanted April 17, 2006

  10. 4000 Significant variety by trt. interactions 3500 DPL444 - Gaucho 3000 PHY370 - Gaucho 2500 STN4554 - Gaucho Seed Cotton (Lb/A) 2000 DPL444 - UTC 1500 PHY370 - UTC 1000 500 STN4554 - UTC bc ab a dc ab d a a a b b c a a a c c bc 0 1st Pick 2nd Pick Total (Sep. 20) (Oct. 3) Harvest (LSD, P < 0.05) Delay and Yield LossStewart et al., University of TennesseePlanted April 17, 2006

  11. (Student Newman Keuls, P < 0.10) a b bc cd cd cd cd cd d d d d (22, 26 and 32 DAP) At-planting and Foliar Thrips TrialLorenz et al., University of ArkansasPlanted May 17, 2006

  12. 60 a (LSD, P < 0. 05) UTC 50 Orthene 97 (0.25 lb) 40 Orthene 97 (0.125 lb) Orthene 90 (0.25 lb) 30 Mean Number of Thrips Orthene 90 (0.125 lb) 20 a V-10191 2SL (0.25 lb) 10 b b b b b b b b b b b b Dimethoate (6 oz) 0 3DAT-A (5 Plants) 3DAT-B (4 Plants) Foliar Thrips TrialStewart et al., University of Tennessee, 2006 Selected treatments shown

  13. UTC* 14 (LSD, P < 0.05) a 12 Orthene 97SP (0.25 lb) ab 10 Orthene 90S (0.25 lb) b 8 V-10191 2SL (0.25 lb) % Leaf Burn 6 Dimethoate (6 oz) 4 Orthene 97SP (0.25 lb) + Dual Magnum (16 oz) 2 c c c c V-10191 2SL (0.25 lb) + 0 Dual Magnum (16 oz) 3 DAT Chemical Leaf BurnStewart et al., University of TennesseePlanted May 8, 2006 * All Treatments with 22 oz/a Roundup Weather Max (selected treatments shown)

  14. Concluding Remarks • Thrips can cause stand loss, stunting, delay in fruiting and harvest, and yield reduction • Dramatic yield reductions more likely when unfavorable weather occurs after planting • Temik provides longer residual control (particularly at rates above 3.5 lb/acre) • However, the "standard" thrips treatments provided similar yield protection in most environments • Several foliar insecticides provide good control of thrips populations (80-90%) • Some have the potential to cause leaf burn, usually “cosmetic” (i.e., dimethoate) • Some are known to flare aphids and or spider mites (e.g., pyrethroids and acephate)

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