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Chapter 12.2 Study Guide

Chapter 12.2 Study Guide. Main Idea: Japanese and American naval forces battled for control of the Pacific. Detail: A few hours after they bombed Pearl Harbor, the Japanese attacked American airfields in the Philippines

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Chapter 12.2 Study Guide

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  1. Chapter 12.2 Study Guide • Main Idea: Japanese and American naval forces battled for control of the Pacific. • Detail: A few hours after they bombed Pearl Harbor, the Japanese attacked American airfields in the Philippines • Detail: When the forces defending the Bataan Peninsula surrendered in April of 1942, nearly 78,000 of them were forced to march 65 miles to a Japanese prison camp. Thousands died on this march, which came to be known as the Bataann Death March. • Detail: President Roosevelt wanted to bomb Tokyo, but Japanese ships in the North Pacific prevented carriers from getting close enough to Japan to launch their short-range bombers

  2. Doolittle Raid • The plan was to launch B25 bombers from aircraft carriers between 450-650 miles from Japan. The planes would bomb selected targets and then fly 1200 miles to airfields in China • All went well until Japan discovered the carriers 150 miles outside their target launch area. • Instead of cancelling, the bombers took off early. They bombed targets but did not have enough fuel to make it to China. • Crews were forced to bail out and crash land their planes. 71 of 80 crewmembers survived.

  3. Chapter 12.2 Study Guide • Main Idea: Japanese and American naval forces battled for control of the Pacific. • Detail: After the Doolittle raid, the Japanese decided the American fleet had to be destroyed to protect Tokyo from bombing, and they ordered all but three carriers to prepare for an assault on Midway • Detail: Japan did not know that an American team of code-breakers had already broken the Japanese Navy’s secret code for conducting operations. • Detail: Unaware that they were heading into an ambush, the Japanese launched their aircraft against Midway on June 4, 1942.

  4. Ch.12.4 - Pushing the Axis Back • The first part of America's two-pronged attack on Japan called for the Pacific Fleet to hop from ONEISLANDTOTHENEXTcloser and closer to JAPAN • The geographical problem with the central Pacific was that may of the islands were CORALREEFATOLLSand the water over them was not always deep enough to allow landing craft to get to the shore.

  5. American military planners wanted to use the MARIANAISLANDSas a base for a new heavy bomber, the B-29 SUPERFORTRESS that could reach Japan from these islands. • The BATTLE OF LEYETE GULF was the largest naval battle in history, and the first time that the Japanese used KAMIKAZE attacks

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