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Before the Transistor

Before the Transistor. Computers in 1940s and 1950s were built with vacuum tubes Computers where large, with limited memory and processing power. Before the Transistor. ENIAC computer in 1946 was 30 tons, 150 feet wide, contained 18,000 vacuum tubes, 100 kHz clock

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Before the Transistor

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  1. Before the Transistor • Computers in 1940s and 1950s were built with vacuum tubes • Computers where large, with limited memory and processing power

  2. Before the Transistor • ENIAC computer in 1946 was 30 tons, 150 feet wide, contained 18,000 vacuum tubes, 100 kHz clock • 8 vacuum tubes would represent 1 byte of data so ENIAC had approximately 2 KB of memory

  3. Transistor Inventors • Invented in 1947 the transistor revolutionized digital technology and is one of the greatest inventions of the 20thcentury • Awarded Nobel Prize for Physics in 1956.

  4. Transistor • Replaced vacuum tubes used in electronics and computers • Transistor has two modes of operation • Operates as an amplifier for audio equipment • Operates as a digital switch and is used in all digital equipment eg. computers, phones, routers, gaming systems, etc.

  5. Transistor • Has 3 pins which are labeled from left to right: • Emitter, Base, Collector • Schematic symbol

  6. CPU Transistors • Typical CPU today has hundreds of millions of transistors layered onto a silicon wafer the size of a dime • Intel Core i7 (2008) has 734 million transistors • Latest Core i7 (2010) has over 1.1 billion transistors

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