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Paul's Defense of His Apostleship and Justification by Faith Apart From the Law in Galatians

This outline of the book of Galatians explores the themes of Paul's defense of his apostleship and the concept of justification by faith apart from the law. It also delves into practical applications of these teachings.

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Paul's Defense of His Apostleship and Justification by Faith Apart From the Law in Galatians

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  1. Galatians Chapter 2

  2. Outline of the book of Galatians Justification By Faith Apart From the Law I. Paul’s Defense Of His Apostleship (1-2) II. Justification By Faith Apart From The Law (3-4) III. Practical (5-6)

  3. Galatians 1 “An Apostle - Not of Men, But of God ” I. The Claim Made(vv. 1-5) II. The Warning Given (vv. 6-9) III. The Evidence Provided (vv. 10-24)

  4. Galatians 1 “An Apostle - Not of Men, But of God ” A. Claim: Independent apostleship (vv. 10-12) B. Evidence: (vv. 13-24) 1. From his life before his conversion (vv. 13-14) 2. From his conversion (vv. 15-17) 3. From his first visit to Jerusalem (vv. 18-20) 4. From his stay in Syria & Cilicia (vv. 21-24)

  5. Galatians 2 “Not An Inferior Apostle ” 9 and when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that had been given to me, they gave me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, that we should go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised.

  6. Paul’s Message Is From God (Equal to Other Apostles) Chapter 1 - The Source of His Apostleship & Message Chapter 2 - The Endorsementof His Apostleship & Message * vv. 1-10 - Other Apostles Approved of Paul & His Message * vv. 11-21 - Withstood Challenge of Peter

  7. Charges Made Against Paul 1. Received his apostleship through man (1:11) 2. His teaching he received from others (1:12) 3. He does not have the approval of other apostles (2:2-6) 4. He was not recognized as an apostle by the other apostles (2:9) 5. His authority was inferior to that of the twelve (2:11-14) M. Willis, 20

  8. Galatians 2 “Not An Inferior Apostle ” I. Approved By The Apostles At The Jerusalem Conference (vv. 1-10) II.Reproved Peter (vv. 11-21)

  9. Galatians 2 “Not An Inferior Apostle ” I. Approved By The Apostles At The Jerusalem Conference (vv. 1-10) II.Reproved Peter (vv. 11-21)

  10. Are These The Same? Acts 15 vv. 2-4 vv. 2, 6 v. 5 vv. 1-2 vv. 7-11 vv.13-17 vv. 4, 12 vv. 22-29 Events At Jerusalem Meeting of apostles Opposition Issue: Gentiles Cir.? Peter participates James participates Paul participates Paul & Barn Continue Gal. 2 vv. 3-5 vv. 6, 9 vv. 3-5 v. 3 vv. 7-9 v. 9 vv. 2-10 vv. 7-9

  11. Acts 15 Gal. 2 Are These The Same? Argument against these being the same Based on assumption that Paul is enumerating all of his trips to Jerusalem 1st Trip: Acts 9:26 2nd Trip: Acts 11:27-30 3rd Trip: Acts 15 His Point Is Endorsement No Need To Mention This Trip

  12. Galatians 2 “Not An Inferior Apostle ” • I. Approved By The Apostles At The Jerusalem Conference (vv. 1-10) • A. The Jerusalem conference (vv. 1-5) • 1. Paul, Barnabas & Titus went to Jer. – The message was not questioned (vv. 1-2) • 2. Titus was not circumcised (vv. 3-5) • (a) Apostles did not require it. • (b) False brethren did

  13. Galatians 2 “Not An Inferior Apostle ” • I. Approved By The Apostles At The Jerusalem Conference (vv. 1-10) • A. The Jerusalem conference (vv. 1-5) • B. Approved and welcomed as a co-worker by apostles (vv. 6-10). • 1. Did not add anything (v. 6) • 2. Saw evidence of apostleship & gospel (vv. 7-8) • 3. Extended fellowship to Barnabas & Paul (v. 9) • 4. Asked that remember poor (v. 10)

  14. Galatians 2 “Not An Inferior Apostle ” I. Approved By The Apostles At The Jerusalem Conference (vv. 1-10) II.Reproved Peter (vv. 11-21)

  15. Why Mention The Rebuke of Peter? 1. Shows he is not inferior to Peter (Authority to rebuke him) 2. Peter was rebuked with the very gospel called into question.

  16. Background / Setting on Peter’s Hypocrisy • Before the gospel – Gentiles were considered “unclean” • Peter himself had taught the first Gentile convert • He was convinced that Gentiles are now clean (Acts 10:9-16) • He concluded Gentiles could be saved without circum. (Acts 10:48) • He ate with them (Acts 11:2-3) • When criticized – he defended himself (Acts 11)

  17. Background / Setting on Peter’s Hypocrisy • Before the gospel – Gentiles were considered “unclean” • Peter himself had taught the first Gentile convert • Peter participated in Jerusalem discussion (Acts 15) • Helped show God’s revelation – Gentiles can be saved without circumcision • This was just a few month or weeks before his actions at Antioch

  18. What Peter Did At Antioch • Time Frame: • While Paul & Barnabas work with church (Acts 15:35) • Between 1st & 2nd missionary journeys • Peter came to Antioch & worked with Gentiles without showing Jewish prejudice (including eating with them) • Later brethren came from James – put pressure on Peter • He withdrew himself – perhaps slowly – then completely

  19. Galatians 2 “Not An Inferior Apostle ” • II.Reproved Peter (vv. 11-21) • A. Peter’s hypocrisy (vv. 11-13).

  20. BrethrenCameFromJames Possibilities: • From Jerusalem where James was • James was as inconsistent as Peter • Claimed to be from James – thought were not

  21. Galatians 2 “Not An Inferior Apostle ” • II.Reproved Peter (vv. 11-21) • A. Peter’s hypocrisy (vv. 11-13). • 1. Paul rebuked him to his face (v. 11a)

  22. “We have found that men who have committed some grave error are very particular not to have those who rebuke them commit the least error in the place and in the manner of the rebuke otherwise they become the guilty ones and the errorists persecuted martyrs. Well, Paul gave Peter a public rebuke, public not as a deserved punishment for him but so that all might hear it for their own good…A public wrong is not to be corrected in private. We certainly do not hang our dirty linen in the front yard. It was Peter who sinned as a public man in a public way; he forced the public rebuke from Paul, he made it necessary that all should hear.” Lenski (pp. 99-100)

  23. Galatians 2 “Not An Inferior Apostle ” • II.Reproved Peter (vv. 11-21) • A. Peter’s hypocrisy (vv. 11-13). • 1. Paul rebuked him to his face (v. 11a) • 2. Was to be condemned (v. 11b) • 3. Would not eat with the Gentiles (v. 12) • 4. Influenced Barnabas & others (v. 13)

  24. “Bid me to come….” “I will not deny…” “Never wash my feet” Matt. 14:28, 30 Mark 14:31, 68 John 13:8, 9 “Lord save me” “but he denied” “wash my hands…” Was This Unlike The Peter We Know? Often Make a Bold Statement – Then Recoil From It Defend Gentiles Being Saved w/o Cir Refuse To Eat With Gentiles Because of Jews Acts 11, 15 Gal. 2

  25. Galatians 2 “Not An Inferior Apostle ” • II.Reproved Peter (vv. 11-21) • A. Peter’s hypocrisy (vv. 11-13). • B. Paul’s rebuke (vv. 14-21). • 1. Justified by faith - not by the law (vv. 14-16). • 2. If we go back to law - sinners (vv. 17-18). • 3. We are dead to the law (vv. 19-20). • 4. Frustrating the grace of God -making the death of Christ vain (v. 21).

  26. How Was The Rebuked Received? Peter’s Reference To “our beloved brother Paul” (2 Pet. 3:15) Implies His Correction No Specific Record

  27. How Does This Account Help The Galatians? • Shows that Paul is equal to Peter in authority! • Shows Paul’s gospel stood the test of public confrontation!

  28. Galatians 2 “Not An Inferior Apostle ” I. Approved By The Apostles At The Jerusalem Conference (vv. 1-10) II.Reproved Peter (vv. 11-21)

  29. Lessons to Learn 1. Fellowship shows approval (v. 9) 2. Some liberties (right) – should not be exercised if it leaves the wrong message / wrong signal (Circum. of Titus) 3. Possibility of apostasy (v. 11 – blamed) 4. “Gospel” involves more than D,B,& R (v. 14) 5. Public sin / error – demands public rebuke. 6. Strong people can stumble. 7. Influence (Jews on Peter / Peter on Barnabas). 8. Danger of following men. 9. Eating with / refusal – says something about approval.

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