Civil War Differences & Causes

1. Civil War Differences & Causes

2. Wilmot Proviso (1846)- a proposed bill that would outlaw slavery from any territories acquired from the Mexican War. Divided Congress along regional lines (North vs. South). Southerners prevented it from passing claiming States Rights. Causes of the Civil War (Sectionalism)

3. Causes of the Civil War • Compromise of 1850- California wanted to apply for statehood. Henry Clay came up with compromise to keep a balance betweenslave & free states. California would enter as a freestate& NM, UT, NV would decide later onslavery.

4. U.S. Wealth 1860 DOLLARS CATEGORY Match the $ with the correct Category Slave Population Capital $ Manufacturing Capital $ Railroads Capital invested in Banks Currency in Circulation Livestock Expenditures of Federal Government U.S. Cotton Crop • a. $ 3,000,000,000 • b. $ 1,050,000,000 • c. $ 1,166,422,729 • d. $ 421,890,095 • e. $ 442,102,000 • f. $ 1,107,490,216 • g. $ 63,131,000 • $250,291,000

5. Fugitive Slave Law- requires the Northern states to return runaway slaves. Causes of the Civil War

6. Causes of the Civil War • Uncle Tom’s Cabin- book by Harriet Beecher Stowe, wrote a dramatic account of black’s suffering in the south & helped sway Northern sympathies. • President Lincoln remarked of Mrs. Stowe, as “the little lady who wrote the book who made this great war.”

7. #1 novel of the 1800’s • 2nd best-selling book of the 1800’s. • 1st year 300,000 copies of the book were sold in the U.S.

8. Causes of the Civil War • Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854): Southern states refused to allow Nebraska as a new state. To break the deadlock, Congress passed a law allowing settlers to decide by popular sovereignty (popular opinion) if they wanted slavery. • ‘Bleeding Kansas:’ Lots of bloodshed between pro slavery & abolitionist. + 200 DEAD

10. Causes of the Civil War • Dred Scott Decision (1857): Dred Scott had previously lived in the free Northern states; he believed this made him free. When he was brought back to the south, he tried to sue his ownerfor his freedom. Supreme Court ruled that blacks were not citizens & couldn’t sue or bring cases to court.

12. Causes of the Civil War • John Brown’s Raid (1859):Northern abolitionist tried to lead a slave revolt. Attacked Federal arsenal at HarpersFerry in Virginia. Caught by Federal troops- tried for treason & was hung.

13. treason • noun 1. the offense of acting to overthrow one's government or to harm or kill its sovereign. • 2. a violation of allegiance to one's sovereign or to one's state.

14. Why does Texas get Involved? • States’ Rights • Slavery • Sectionalism • Tariffs

15. Episode 4 ‘Division’ • Cotton • How was cotton a contributing factor in causing the Civil War?

16. Differences How were the Northern & Southern states different in 1860’s?

17. Had lots of factories & businesses. Many large cities (Large population). Lots of Railroads connecting eastern cities & western farming regions. Relied on plantation farming (cotton). Invested in slaves rather than factories. Without factories, southern economy relied on goods from the North & Europe. Economic Differences South North

18. Population: 71% Railroad mileage: 71% Manufacturing Plants: 85% Total U.S. Workers: 92% Resources: More & Better Leadership: Abraham Lincoln Naval Power: Powerful Navy Geography: Offensive War Population: 29% Railroad Mileage: 29% Manufacturing Plants: 15% Total U.S. Workers: 8% Resources: Not as good. Leadership: General Robert E. Lee Naval Power: Few War Ships Geography: Defensive War (On their own soil) South North

19. Abolition movement began in the North. Many believed slavery was morally wrong. Others opposed because slavery was an economic threat to them. Many Northerners were still racist. Social Differences North

20. Social Differences South • Defended slavery as a necessity. • Claimed they helped slaves by introducing them to Christianity, providing them with food, clothing, & shelter.

22. The End