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THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR

THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR. Lesson Aim: To discover how and why Parliament defeated the King. The Civil War. The Civil War. On 25 August 1642 Charles I raised his standard at Nottingham, signalling the start of the Civil War. The Civil War.

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THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR

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  1. THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR • Lesson Aim: To discover how and why Parliament defeated the King.

  2. The Civil War

  3. The Civil War • On 25 August 1642 Charles I raised his standard at Nottingham, signalling the start of the Civil War.

  4. The Civil War • On 25 August 1642 Charles I raised his standard at Nottingham, signalling the start of the Civil War. • Ordinary people throughout the country now had to choose which side they were on: their King or their Parliament.

  5. The Civil War • Often the choice divided families: two brothers could join different armies, or fathers might fight against their sons.

  6. The Civil War • Often the choice divided families: two brothers could join different armies, or fathers might fight against their sons. • However, in many cases, people simply joined the army that reached their city or town first.

  7. For the King! • The King had support from the nobles and gentry.

  8. For the King! • The King had support from the nobles and gentry. • He also had support in Ireland, Wales, and in the North and West of England.

  9. For Parliament! • The Puritans fought on Parliament’s side. • Parliament also had support from the richer areas of the country in South and Eastern England.

  10. Why did Parliament win?

  11. Why did Parliament win? • Although the whole country was at war, there were not very many important battles.

  12. Why did Parliament win? • Although the whole country was at war, there were not very many important battles. • Most of the battles in 1642 and 1643 were either a draw or were won by the Royalists.

  13. Why did Parliament win? • Although the whole country was at war, there were not very many important battles. • Most of the battles in 1642 and 1643 were either a draw or were won by the Royalists. • But in 1644 and 1645, most battles were won by the Parliamentarians.

  14. Why did Parliament win? • Why did Parliament start doing so well?

  15. Cromwell and the New Model Army

  16. Cromwell and the New Model Army • After the Battle of Marston Moor in 1644, an MP called Oliver Cromwell reorganised Parliament’s Army.

  17. Cromwell and the New Model Army • After the Battle of Marston Moor in 1644, an MP called Oliver Cromwell reorganised Parliament’s Army. • This new army was called the ‘New Model Army’.

  18. Cromwell and the New Model Army • After the Battle of Marston Moor in 1644, an MP called Oliver Cromwell reorganised Parliament’s Army. • This new army was called the ‘New Model Army’. • It was commanded by Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell.

  19. Cromwell and the New Model Army • The soldiers in the New Model Army were regularly paid, provided with a uniform, and properly trained to fight.

  20. Cromwell and the New Model Army • The soldiers in the New Model Army were regularly paid, provided with a uniform, and properly trained to fight. • This was a totally new idea at the time!

  21. Cromwell and the New Model Army • The soldiers in the New Model Army were regularly paid, provided with a uniform, and properly trained to fight. • This was a totally new idea at the time! • The New Model Army with its well-trained soldiers finally defeated Charles at the Battle of Naseby in 1645.

  22. BIG QUESTION FOR PARLIAMENT: • What should they do with the King?

  23. Your Task • It is 1645 and Parliament has just won the Civil War.

  24. Your Task • It is 1645 and Parliament has just won the Civil War. • You are a member of Cromwell’s New Model Army, and are feeling happy and victorious.

  25. Your Task • It is 1645 and Parliament has just won the Civil War. • You are a member of Cromwell’s New Model Army, and are feeling happy and victorious. • Write a diary entry explaining the following:

  26. Your Task • Who supported the King, • Who supported Parliament, • When the war began, • Cromwell and The New Model Army, • How Parliament won.

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