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Obesity and children, may we intervene with the local farm?

Obesity and children, may we intervene with the local farm?. Andrea Gibson, Ph.D. student Walden University PH 8165-3 Instructor: Dr. Rebecca Heick Fall Quarter, 2009. OBJECTIVES. Understand childhood obesity Review Connecticut childhood obesity data and determinants

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Obesity and children, may we intervene with the local farm?

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  1. Obesity and children, may we intervene with the local farm? Andrea Gibson, Ph.D. student Walden University PH 8165-3 Instructor: Dr. Rebecca Heick Fall Quarter, 2009

  2. OBJECTIVES • Understand childhood obesity • Review Connecticut childhood obesity data and determinants • Impact childhood obesity by introducing a local farm “market” in our elementary school

  3. Obesity Still a Major Problem in the U.S. In 2003-04, 17.1% of children and adolescents 2-19 years of age (over 12 and a half million) were overweight 32.2% of adults (over 66 million) were obese. Almost 5% of adults were extremely obese. Center of Disease Control, [CDC], (n.d.) Obesity still a major problem. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/06facts/obesity03_04.htm Freedman DS, Khan LK, Dietz WH, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. Relationship of childhood overweight to coronary heart disease risk factors in adulthood: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics 2001;108:712–718

  4. Use of BMI to Screen for Overweight and Obesity in Children • Overweight is defined as a BMI at or above the 85th percentile and lower than the 95th percentile. • Obesity is defined as a BMI at or above the 95th percentile for children of the same age and sex. CDC, (n.d.). Defining childhood overweight and obesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/defining.html

  5. In Connecticut, more than half of adults (59%) are obese or overweight based on 2005-2007 data • 26% of Connecticut high school students are obese and 12% are overweight Connecticut Department of Public Health (2008). 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Results. Retrieved from http://www.ct.gov/dph/lib/dph/hisr/pdf/yrbs2007ct_summary_tables.pdf Trust for America’s Health. F as in fat: 2008, 10-11. (2008, Aug.). Retrieved from http://www.rwjf.org/files/research/081908.3424.fasinfat.pdf

  6. A calorie is defined as a unit of energy supplied by food. A calorie is a calorie regardless of its source. Whether you're eating carbohydrates, fats, sugars, or proteins, all of them contain calories. • Caloric balance is like a scale. To remain in balance and maintain your body weight, the calories consumed (from foods) must be balanced by the calories used (in normal body functions, daily activities, and exercise). CDC Overweight and Obestiy, (n.d. ) Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/causes/index.html

  7. NPAO State Based Program • State health departments serve as the leader in coordinating statewide nutrition, physical activity, and obesity strategies. • Funded in 23 States • Connecticut is not NPAO funded CDC, (n.d.). NPAO State Based Programs. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/stateprograms/index.html

  8. NPAO Goal: • The program goal is to prevent and control obesity and other chronic diseases through healthful eating and physical activity. • Obesity reduction target: increase consumption of fruits and vegetables CDC, (2008). NPAO technical manual. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/downloads/TA_Manual_1_31_08.pdf

  9. Gallup Survey Says Children Aware of Healthy Lifestyle (1995) • 97% agreed that a balanced diet is "very important" for good health, and 98% said the same about physical activity. • 66% said they like eating "many different kinds of foods," while 74%agreed that eating "a lot of bread, cereal, and other grains is good for you." • 64% rated their own eating habits "good to excellent," and 76% said the same about their parents' eating habits. U.S. Gallup Survey, (1995). Children Aware of Healthy Lifestyle. Retrieved from http://cv8yh9th3f.search.serialssolutions.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/?genre=article&issn=03621332&title=FDA+Consumer&volume=29&issue=6&date=19950701&atitle=Gallup+survey+says+children+aware+of+healthy+lifestyle.&spage=4&pages=4-4&sid=EBSCO:Academic+Search+Premier&aulast=

  10. State of Connecticut General Assembly Childhood Obesity in Connecticut: A Preventable Crisis • Only one in five Connecticut high school students (21.5%) eats the recommended 5 or more daily servings of fruits and vegetables Connecticut Department of Health, (2007). Connecticut childhood obesity factsheet. Retrieved from http://www.cga.ct.gov/COC/PDFs/obesity/obesity_factsheet_012909.pdf Connecticut Department of Public Health (2008). 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Results. Retrieved from http://www.ct.gov/dph/lib/dph/hisr/pdf/yrbs2007ct_summary_tables.pdf

  11. Essex Elementary’s Strategic Profile suggests strong academic performance and an overall expenditure of $8,406 per student in 2006-2007 Essex Elementary Strategic Profile, (2008). Retrieved from http://www.reg4.k12.ct.us/stratprof/esstrategicprof.pdf

  12. The most important determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption in children age 6-12 are: • Environmental (accessibility) • Behavioral (parent and peer influence) • Taste preference Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall Blanchette, L. & Brug, J. (2005). Determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among 6-12 year old children and effective interventions to increase consumption. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 18, 431-443

  13. Most CT schools already have some health programs and services in place • Few have coordinated the elements into a cohesive and coherent whole plan Connecticut Department of Health (n.d.) Guidelines for a coordinated approach to school health. Retrieved from: http://www.sde.ct.gov/sde/cwp/view.asp?a=2678&q=320726&sdePNavCtr=|#45551

  14. Fruits and Vegetables • Contain essential vitamins, minerals, fiber and other compounds that may help prevent chronic diseases • Low in calories per volume, low in energy density • Substituting for higher energy dense foods such as those high in fat and added sugars can be part of a successful weight management strategy C DC,( n.d.) Obesity: Halting the epidemic by making health easier. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/NCCdphp/publications/AAG/obesity.htm CDC, (2008). NPAO technical manual. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/downloads/TA_Manual_1_31_08.pdf

  15. Why Choose CT Grown? • When you chose CT Grown, you get the freshest, highest-quality products available.  • When you choose CT Grown, you fuel your local economy by keeping your money and jobs in the state. • When you choose CT Grown, you support your neighbor and preserve open space which lowers the demand for municipal services and reduces your taxes. • The average food on an American’s plate has traveled 1,500 miles and 14 days from its source, losing precious nutrients the entire time. Connecticut Department of Agriculture,(n.d.). Farm to chef program. Retrieved from http://www.ct.gov/doag/cwp/view.asp?a=2778&q=330846

  16. USDA offers competitive Annual USDA Grant • Fresh fruits and vegetables, free of charge to all children throughout the school day • Nutrition education is required Connecticut State Department of Education Bureau of Health/Nutrition, Family Services and Adult Educationhttp://www.cga.ct.gov/COC/PDFs/obesity/forum/materials/fiore/Fiore_PowerPoint_11_7_08.pdf Food, Conservation and Energy Act of 2008, Public Law 110-234

  17. Colorado school introduced “The Market” where fresh fruits and vegetables were bought at bulk discount • Students may shop with box tops or school coins, 20% of students are regular customers CDCl ,NPAO State-based programs, (n.d.) Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/state_programs/index.htm

  18. What could we do in Essex, CT to bring the farm to the school? • Bring in the farmer’s market that Pioneer Elementary in Colorado pioneered? • Purchase produce using half the school’s ice cream budget (student’s buy ice cream at 50 cents per ice cream currently)? • Compete with the existing school’s ice cream stand using with the power of nutrition education?

  19. Nutrition Education and farmer’s market launch: • 2 weeks ahead of the fruit-stand, 2-3 hours of nutrition education per week per student and test baseline understanding • Essay contest on “Why I need to eat fruits and vegetables.” Winners are first customers • Launch farmer’s market- email, text, auto-alert parents to send fruit stand money all month (in place of ice cream money) • Compare sales and nutrition attitude surveys from baseline • Continue with ongoing nutrition education 3-6 hours per month

  20. Who can partner? • Elementary school principal • Region 4 school administration • Teachers • School nurses • Parents • Community dieticians • Local farmers

  21. Provide outcomes to the Connecticut State Health Department and Board of Education • Leverage success based on sales and qualitative change in nutrition education and attitudes • Evaluate: Look at best sellers and stock the items but add new choices in sync with the growing season

  22. Farm to School.org • Teaches students the path from farm to fork Farm to School.org., (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.farmtoschool.org/aboutus.php

  23. Thank You Further Reading: • Sharma, M., (2005). School-based interventions for childhood and adolescent obesity. Obesity • Reviews, 7, 261-269 Students Succeed with School Meals, (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.nutritionnc.com/ResourcesForSchools/pdf/schoolMealsPromoKit/EatSmartMoreMoreMessagesforKids/eatsmartandmovemoremessages.pdf

  24. References: • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. • Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall • Blanchette, L. & Brug, J. (2005). Determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among 6-12 • year old children and effective interventions to increase consumption. Journal of Human • Nutrition and Dietetics, 18, 431-443 • Center of Disease Control, (n.d.). Defining childhood overweight and obesity. Retrieved from • http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/defining.html • Center of Disease Control, (n.d.). NPAO State Based Programs. Retrieved from • http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/stateprograms/index.html • Center of Disease Control, (n.d.) NPAO State-based programs,Colorado. Retrieved from • http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/state_programs/index.htm • Center of Disease Control, (2008). NPAO technical manual. Retrieved from • http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/downloads/TA_Manual_1_31_08.pdf • Center of Disease Control, (n.d.) Obesity: Halting the epidemic by making health easier. Retrieved from: • http://www.cdc.gov/NCCdphp/publications/AAG/obesity.htm • Center of Disease Control, (n.d.) Obesity still a major problem. Retrieved from • http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/06facts/obesity03_04.htm • Center of Disease Control, (n.d). Overweight and Obestiy. Retrieved from • http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/causes/index.html • Connecticut Department of Agriculture,(n.d.). Farm to chef program. Retrieved from • http://www.ct.gov/doag/cwp/view.asp?a=2778&q=330846 • Connecticut Department of Health, (2007). Connecticut childhood obesity factsheet. Retrieved from • http://www.cga.ct.gov/COC/PDFs/obesity/obesity_factsheet_012909.pdf

  25. References continued • Connecticut Department of Public Health (2008). 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Results. • Retrieved from http://www.ct.gov/dph/lib/dph/hisr/pdf/yrbs2007ct_summary_tables.pdf • Connecticut Department of Health (n.d.) Guidelines for a coordinated approach to school health. • Retrieved from: http://www.sde.ct.gov/sde/cwp/view.asp?a=2678&q=320726&sdePNavCtr • Connecticut State Department of Education Bureau of Health/Nutrition, Family Services • and Adult Education. Retrieved from • http://www.cga.ct.gov/COC/PDFs/obesity/forum/materials/fiore/Fiore_PowerPoint_11_7_08.pdf • D. Martin (personal communication, April 12, 2009) • Essex Elementary Strategic Profile, (2008). Retrieved from • http://www.reg4.k12.ct.us/stratprof/esstrategicprof.pdf • Farm to School.org., (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.farmtoschool.org/aboutus.php • Food, Conservation and Energy Act of 2008, Public Law 110-234 • Freedman DS, Khan LK, Dietz WH, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. Relationship of childhood overweight to coronary heart disease risk • factors in adulthood: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics 2001;108:712–718. • Trust for America’s Health. F as in fat: 2008, 10-11. (2008, Aug.). Retrieved from • http://www.rwjf.org/files/research/081908.3424.fasinfat.pdf (Jan. 28, 2009). • U.S. Gallup Survey, (1995). Children Aware of Healthy Lifestyle. Retrieved from http://cv8yh9th3f.search.serialssolutions.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/?genre=article&issn=03621332&title=FDA+Consumer&volume=29&issue=6&date=19950701&atitle=Gallup+survey+says+children+aware+of+healthy+lifestyle.&spage=4&pages=4-4&sid=EBSCO:Academic+Search+Premier&aulast=

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