What is GIS?

1. What is GIS? CONS 340 Lecture 1

2. Course Organization Lectures Labs • Abstract concepts • Goals • Understand basic concepts of • GIS design • Database Development • Cartographic Modeling • Prepared for future coursework • Application • Goals • Introduction, not GIS proficiency • Application of broader issues in lecture, through the software • Software utilized • ArcGIS 10.1 • ArcCatalog • ArcMap • ArcScene • ArcGlobe

3. Evaluation Two exams • Final Exam is cumulative but emphasizes the last half of class • Lab Attendance is mandatory! • Don’t fall behind – we have a lot of ground to cover

5. Today’s Learning Objectives • By the end of today’s class you should be able to: • Accept that GIS data is NOT reality • Explain the five components of a GIS • List the three main components of geographic data • Summarize what a GIS should be able to do

6. GIS is really about how we conceive spatial information • Cognitive mapping • How do we make sense of our world • Two tracks in the brain • What vs. Where

11. This include concepts as well enroll in Students Courses have consist of Programs

12. + Cholera death Water pump GIS concepts are not new! In the London Cholera epidemic of 1854 Dr. John Snow was able to locate the source of a cholera outbreak by plotting the locations of fatal cases in relationship to nearby wells.

13. The five components of GIS • People • Data • Hardware • Software • Procedures www.esri.com

14. People • BusinessBanking and InsuranceMediaReal EstateRetail and Commercial Business • CommunicationsLocation ServicesTelecommunications • Defense and Intelligence • EducatorsUniversities and CollegesK-12, Primary and SecondaryLibraries and Museums • EngineeringPipelineSurveying • Environmental ManagementArchaeologyCave and Karst • GovernmentFederal GovernmentHomeland SecurityLaw EnforcementPublic SafetyLocal Government • Health and Human Services • Natural ResourcesAgricultureESRI Conservation ProgramForestryMarine and CoastMining and Earth SciencesPetroleum • Sustainable Development and Humanitarian Affairs • Transportation • UtilitiesElectric and GasWater/Wastewater

15. Hardware & Software Hardware Software

16. Procedures • GIS analysis requires well-defined, consistent methods to produce correct and reproducible results. • We will spend much of this course learning procedures

17. Data • This is by far the most important aspect of GIS • Without data we can’t do anything! • Approximate time breakdown of most GIS projects: • 80% = Database development • 10% = Data analysis • 10% = Cartographic production

18. The five components of GIS www.esri.com

19. There are three main components to geographic data: www.esri.com

20. GIS data is organized in Layers www.esri.com

21. Database“ Not Easy to Interpret”

22. Visualization “Worth a Thousand Words”

23. What can a GIS do? • A GIS should be able to: • Capture data • Store data • Query data • Analyze data • Display data • Output data

24. Capturing Data • Digitizing • Heads up • Tablet • Scanning • Tabular • GPS • Downloading

25. Storing Data

26. Querying Data • SELECT CntryName, PopCntry • FROM Countries • WHERE Landlocked=No • ORDER BY CntryName

27. Analyzing Data • Proximity • Overlay • Etc.

28. Displaying Data • Graphs • Charts • Tables • Maps • Etc.

29. Outputting Data • Sharing the results of your geographic labor is one of the primary justifications for spending resources on a GIS.

30. Questions?