1 / 25

The War to Manassas

The War to Manassas. Mr. White’s US 1 History Class. Union Advantages. More people and men More factories and production Controlled the Atlantic Ocean – naval power. Confederate Advantages. Only had to fight a defensive war; didn’t have to “win” the war, had to not lose

aliza
Download Presentation

The War to Manassas

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. The War to Manassas Mr. White’s US 1 History Class

  2. Union Advantages • More people and men • More factories and production • Controlled the Atlantic Ocean – naval power

  3. Confederate Advantages • Only had to fight a defensive war; didn’t have to “win” the war, had to not lose • Better generals in the right positions, at the start • Soldiers were more accustomed to campaigning

  4. Union Strategy – Anaconda Plan • Capture Richmond, Virginia – capital of the Confederacy • Control the Mississippi River and split Confederacy into two parts • Control the oceans and ports so that South couldn’t export cotton

  5. Confederate Strategy • Mostly defensive in nature; defend territory • Attack when necessary • Sometimes they got a little too aggressive and attacked when they shouldn’t have

  6. First Manassas/First Bull Run • First major battle of the war • Union troops left Washington, D.C., and met Confederate forces at Manassas • Many people came to the battle and tried to get a good view, some picnicked, thought it would be fun • Bloody battle; Confederate victory • Many knew the war would not be short, now

  7. Union Victories in the Western Theater • Ulysses S. Grant - captures Forts Henry and Donelson along the Mississippi • Battle of Shiloh - bloody battle, again U.S. Grant • David G. Farragut - captures Baton Rouge and Natchez, closing in on New Orleans

  8. George McClellan • Commander of the Union forces in 1861 and 1862 is George McClellan • Very good planner and army-builder – trains the men well • Reluctant to attack – Lincoln has to threaten him many times to get him moving

  9. Peninsula Campaign • McClellan finally gets moving in March of 1862 • Attacks up the Virginia Peninsula, headed for Richmond • McClellan is cautious; always thinks he is outnumbered, and doesn’t attack • When Robert E. Lee takes command of Confederates, he pushes McClellan back off the Peninsula • Campaign is a failure – McClellan is fired

  10. Confederate Invasion • Robert E. Lee is in command of the South; after winning at Peninsula, Lee decides to invade the North • Decides to go through Maryland • Thinks that Marylanders will rise up in support of the South • Wants to live off the Northern soil for a while • A victory in the North could end the war

  11. Before Antietam • As Lee invades the North, McClellan actually captures a copy of Lee’s orders for movement – McClellan knows exactly where Lee’s men are • Still moves slowly! • McClellan at first thinks it might be a trick, but finally starts moving

  12. Antietam • Union corners Lee at Antietam creek • McClellan still cautious, but manages to defeat Lee – doesn’t take advantage of the victory • Lee is forced to retreat back into the south

  13. Emancipation Proclamation • Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation after the victory at Antietam • Frees slaves in any areas in rebellion after January 1st, 1863 • Does not free slaves in states not in rebellion (why?)

  14. Effects of Emancipation Proclamation • War now takes on a moral tone for the North – before it was simply to restore the Union, now it will be to end slavery, as well • Other nations such as England and France will not enter a war to defend slavery • If Union wins, slavery will be ended, forever.

  15. After Antietam • McClellan is again fired, then replaced by Ambrose Burnside, then Joe Hooker. • Both of these generals fail, and the Union has spent the first three years of the war trying to find a capable general

  16. Lee’s Second Invasion • After some victories in early 1863 by the Confederacy, Lee decides to invade the North again, this time Pennsylvania • The Confederate and Union armies converge around a town called Gettysburg, Pennsylvania • General George Meade takes command of the Union armies

  17. Gettysburg • First day – Lee’s men push Union troops back through the town and the Union forms defensive lines • Second day – Lee attacks the Union line on the sides, but the lines hold • Third day – Lee attacks the Union in the center, but the Union lines hold • Lee has been defeated; must retreat back into Virginia

  18. Results • Lee’s army is badly damaged, and morale begins to drop • Meade, even though he did well at Gettysburg, is replaced by General Ulysses S. Grant • War will go on for two more years, but tide has turned for the Union

  19. In the West • Vicksburg captured on the Mississippi by Grant (before he commands the Union) • General William Tecumseh Sherman marches his army through Georgia and South Carolina, destroying the South’s will to fight

  20. Gettysburg Address • Ceremony was held to dedicate the cemetery in Gettysburg a few months after the battle • Lincoln spoke for two minutes (the main speaker spoke for two hours), but his speech is better remembered • Some say that Lincoln’s speech “remade” America

  21. Confederacy Wears Down • Many soldiers start going home to help their families – lack of food, nobody to work • Confederate states didn’t work well together • Small peace movement starts in the Confederacy

  22. Grant vs. Lee • Grant and Lee face off in Virginia • Grant’s strategy was to hold Lee’s army in place and continuously attack him; don’t let him maneuver • Lee’s army can’t sustain the large number of casualties that it takes now

  23. Election of 1864 • Lincoln runs for re-election; McClellan runs for president as a Democrat • McClellan promises to work for peace with the Confederacy • Lincoln thinks he will lose the election, but doesn’t, and is re-elected President

  24. Lee’s Surrender and the End of the War • Grant and Lee fight through trench warfare for several months • Lee finally decides to surrender his army • Lee Surrenders to Grant at Appomattox • War is over!

More Related