Chapter 21-1

1. Chapter 21-1 World war 1

2. vocabulary • Militarism or the glorification of the military. • Nationalism or pride in one’s nation or ethnic group. • Stalemate dead lock. • Trench warfare soldiers fire on one another from opposing lines of dugout trenches. • Propaganda is the spread of information designed to win support for a cause. • Provoke to cause to stir in action. • Liable likely to cause or have an effect .

3. Origins of world war1 In 1914, conflict in Europe erupted into the largest war ever. There were many different causes for the conflict that later became as world war I.

4. Imperialism Europe fights for trading and territory in Africa Asia and the pacific. France and England looked on distressful as Germany expanded its over seas holding. Nations build up there army’s.

5. Nationalism In the Balkan region of southeast rim Europe different national groups sought to break free from Australians –Hungary. Russia encourage Serbians and other Balkan nationalist to do so.

6. Alliance system American troops were preparing to go over seas. The first American troops reached Europe in June 1917. The unit was not ready for combat. Its purpose was to prop up sagging French morale.

7. War begins • The spark that set off the war came on June 28,1914, in the Bosnian city of Sarajevo a Serbian nationalist assassinated archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. On July 29, Austria-Hungary declare war on Serbia. More than 20 countries became involved in the fighting.

8. THE DEADLIEST WAR • By early September, German forces had advanced to within 30 miles of Pairs. At the first battle of the Marne however French and British troops halted the German advance. Technological advances made the war more lethal. Airplanes, invented a few years before, were used for scouting and support of ground force . Armored tanks appeared on the battlefield. More than any other weapons, rapid- fire machine guns and heavy artillery raised the death roll. The most fear new weapon was poison gas. It was first used by Germany, then by the Allies. Even some soldiers who survived the gas attacks suffered lung problems for years after. In 1925, after the war, a group of 140 nations agreed to ban the use of chemical weapons in war.

9. American neutrality • President Woodrow Wilson tried to keep the U.S.A out of the war.

10. Ethnic loyalty's • German Americans general supported the Central powers. Many Irish Americans also favored the Central powers, out of hatred for England's long domination of Ireland. Other Americans favored the Allies. Brittan and the united states shared a common language and history. Brittan used propaganda to win America support. Brittan propaganda often focus on Germany's brutal treatment of the Belgians at the start of the war.

11. Supply the allies • Legally, Americans firm were free to sell to both sides. Most of Americans trade was with the allies. American banks made large loans to the Allies. President Wilson agreed with Brittan he required Brittan to buy more American cotton to make up for lost to Germany.

12. The Lusitania • In February 1915, Germany announced it would use U-boats to blockade Brittan. On may 7, 1915, a U-boat sunk a British passenger liner, the Lusitania, off the coast of Ireland. Almost 1,200 people died, 128 of them Americans. The Germans responded that the ship was carrying a load of ammo to England.

13. Zimmermann telegram • On February 24, Wilson was shown a telegram that the British had intercepted. Germanys foreign minister, author Zimmermann, proposed that Mexico joined the war on Germany side in return, Germany would help Mexico reconquer new Mexico, Texas and Arizonian.

14. Russia revolution • Russia was one of the three main allies in march 1917, military defenses and food shortages lead to an upraising. A new government vowed to keep Russia and the war

15. Declaring War • On April 2, Wilson asked congress to declare war against the central powers. His goal, he declared, was to fight. Congress overwhelming gave its approval. After nearly three years on the sidelines, the united states was at war.

16. The end