Political Geography

1. Political Geography

2. By: Emily, Allie, Olivia, and Kaleb

3. I can explain the difference between physical and cultural boundaries of States:

4. -Physical boundaries influence identity of a population by limiting interaction. -Cultural boundary influence separation of cultural groups due to differences in their beliefs. One exampleis religion.

5. I can explain the influences of boundaries on identity, interaction, and exchange:

6. -Physical boundaries are determined by significant features of the landscape. Some physical boundaries include deserts or mountains. Transportation becomes impossible or highly dangerous. -Cultural boundaries prevent social groups from mixing due to fear of losing their cultural values to the influences of another culture.

7. I can identify and differentiate between state, State, and nation-state:

8. -state: An area that is organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government that has control over its internal and foreign affairs (Ex: Wisconsin, Idaho, etc.) -State: A land area much larger than a state that still has boundaries along with cultural and physical differences. (Ex: Russia, Canada, China, etc.) -Nation state: A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has transformed into a nationality. There are no perfect examples, but Denmark is a close one.

9. I can explain how the contemporary political pattern evolved through colonization and imperialism:

10. -Colonialism is the establishment of settlements in a territory and imposition of a colonizer's political, economic, and cultural principles. Ex: European colonies that were established to promote Christianity -Imperialism is the control of a territory that is occupied and organized by an indigenous society

11. I can explain democratization and how it affected the evolution of the contemporary political pattern:

12. -Democratization occurs when a political system becomes democratic, or equal for all.

13. I can explain the changing nature of sovereignty:

14. -Sovereignty- A state's independence from control of its internal affairs by other states, to sustain the production of cash crops for external consumption and export.

15. I can explain and discuss how fragmentation, unification, and alliances challenge political-territorial arrangements:

16. -Fragmentation: The breaking apart of a country or region. -Unification: The coming together or countries or regions usually toward a mutual benefit. -Alliances: The befriending of two or more countries. This usually benefits both sides of the friendship.

17. I can explain supranationalism and devolution:

18. -Supranationalism: three or more countries that create an alliance for their benefit such as economic, cultural or political. (Ex: NAFTA, EU, UN)-Devolution: The division/separation of a country due to internal problems. (Ex: the breakdown of the Soviet Union)

19. I can explain gerrymandering:

20. -Gerrymandering is the (illegal) process in which legislative boundaries are redrawn by the political party in charge of the state legislature in order to benefit themselves

21. I can describe three States who support terrorism and their methods of support:

22. -Afghanistan: Sheltered Osama Bin Laden and other Al-Quaeda terrorists -Libya: Sponsored many terrorist attacks. Ex: Nightclub in Berlin, Germany. -Iran: Provided sanctuary to known terrorists

23. VOCAB:

24. State

25. Imperialism

26. European Union

27. Devolution

28. Terrorism

29. State • an area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government with control over its internal and foreign affairs • EX: US • EX: Canada

30. Imperialism • control of territory already occupied and organized by an indigenous group • EX Soviet Union • EX: Apartheid in Africa

31. European Union • An economic and political associated of certain European countries with internal free trade and common external tariffs

32. Devolution • the transfer of power to a lower level, central government to local

33. Terrorism • the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims • EX: 911 • EX: Warship USS Cole

34. Exclave

35. Enclave

36. Balance of Powers

37. Gerrymandering

38. Federal State

39. Exclave • A portion of territory of one state that is detached from the motherland • EX: Alaska • EX: Kaliningrad (Russia)

40. Enclave • a portion of territory within or surrounded by a larger territory whose inhabitants are culturally or ethnically distinct

41. Balance of Powers • condition off roughly equal strength between opposing countries or alliances of countries

42. Gerrymandering • the process of redrawing legislative boundaries or the purpose of benefiting the party in power • EX: Illinois District 4

43. Federal State • an internal organization of a state that allocates most peers to units of local government • EX: US • EX: Switzerland

44. Unitary State

45. Frontier

46. Supranationalism

47. United Nations

48. Landlocked State

49. Unitary State • An internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials • EX: United Kingdom • EX: Republic of France

50. Frontier • a zone separating two states in which neither state exercises political control • EX: The Great Lakes