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Unit 2: Overview of the English Verb System

Unit 2: Overview of the English Verb System. Focus 1: Overview of aspect. simple. The children played in the field. They were playing when it began to rain. They hadn’t finished their games when it began to rain. They had been playing for only a short time when it began to rain.

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Unit 2: Overview of the English Verb System

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  1. Unit 2: Overview of the English Verb System

  2. Focus 1: Overview of aspect simple • The children played in the field. • They were playing when it began to rain. • They hadn’t finished their games when it began to rain. • They had been playing for only a short time when it began to rain. perfect progressive perfect progressive What time frame are these sentences set it in? What is the difference between these sentences?

  3. Focus 1: Overview of Aspect The police arrested the protesters at 2:45 P.M. at that time simple in progress during that time They were blocking the street when they were arrested. progressive before that time They had stopped traffic for over an hour. perfect perfect progressive in progress during and before that time They had been protesting the president’s decision when the arrests started.

  4. Focus 2: Simple Tenses *Grammar Note* The simple tenses are generally used to express truths, such as facts of nature, or a habitual situation. The simple present tense can also be used to express the future when referring to things that are scheduled or events that are planned as in the following: The train leaves at 6:00 tonight OR My birthday is on Saturday. Read grammar chart on Focus 2.

  5. Focus 3: Progressive Aspect • He was speaking Spanish when she came into the room. • He spoke Spanish when she came into the room. • Do the sentences have the same meanings? • What is the difference? • Look at the grammar chart for Focus 3 (page 17).

  6. Focus 3: Progressive Aspect • What is the difference between the following sentence pairs? • Peter was reading a magazine when Denise began talking. • Peter read a magazine when Denise began talking. • Anna was singing when Fred arrived. • Anna sang when Fred arrived.

  7. Focus 4: Perfect Aspect • Max finished his homework when his mom came home from work. • Max had finished his homework when his mom came home from work. • What differences can you see between the sentences? • In which sentence did Max finish his homework first?

  8. Focus 4: Perfect Aspect • Maria has eaten at that restaurant for many years. • Maria ate at that restaurant for many years. • What differences can you see between the sentences? • Which sentence says that Maria still eats at the restaurant and which sentence says that she doesn’t eat there anymore?

  9. Focus 4: Perfect Aspect Have + Verb (past participle usually ends in –edor –en) • happened before another action • uncompleted • related to the present moment • began in the past but still continues

  10. Focus 5: Perfect Progressive Aspect Perfect AspectPerfect Progressive Aspect have + verb –ed/-en have + been + verb –ing have studied have been studying

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