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Organizing Life's Diversity

Organizing Life's Diversity. Mrs. Harlin. 3.5 Analyze how classification systems are developed upon speciation. 3.5.1 Explain the historical development and changing nature of classification systems.

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Organizing Life's Diversity

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  1. Organizing Life's Diversity Mrs. Harlin

  2. 3.5 Analyze how classification systems are developed upon speciation. • 3.5.1 Explain the historical development and changing nature of classification systems. • 3.5.2 Analyze the classification of organisms according to their evolutionary relationships (including dichotomous keys and phylogenetic trees).

  3. Classification • The grouping of objects or information based on similarities. • Taxonomy is branch of biology that groups and names organisms based on studies of their different characteristics.

  4. Aristotle’s System • Greek philosopher (384-322 B.C) • Classified organisms into 2 groups: • 1. Plants • Subgroups based on size and structure. • 2. Animals • Subgroups based on habitat and physical differences. Problems arose when new organisms were discovered. Groups did not show evolutionary relationships.

  5. Linnaeus’s System • Swedish botantist (1707-1778) • System of Binomial Nomenclature -> based on physical and structural similarities which reflects evolutionary relationships. • For example: although bats fly like birds, they also have hair and produce milk for their young; therefore they are classified as mammals rather than birds.

  6. Scientific Classification

  7. Taxonomy • Kingdom: Animalia • Phylum: Chordata • Class: Mammalia • Order: Primates • Family: Hominidae • Genus: Homo • Species: H. sapiens • In binomial nomenclature, organisms have a two word Latin name: • EX: • Genus- “Homo” meaning of modern humans. • Species- “Sapiens” Latin for wise.

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