Chapter 19 Foreign and Defense Policy

Chapter 19Foreign and Defense Policy

Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives Roots of U.S. Foreign and Defense Policy LO 19.1: Trace the evolution U.S. foreign and defense policy. The United States as a World Power LO 19.2: Explain the developments that lead to the rise of the United States as a world power.

Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives Foreign and Defense Policy Decision Making LO 19.3: Outline that actors that shape foreign and defense policy decision making. Contemporary Challenges in Foreign and Defense Policy LO 19.4: Identify four contemporary foreign and defense policy challenges confronting the United States.

Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives Toward Reform: Rethinking American Power LO 19.5: Evaluate the shift in thinking about American power that has occurred in recent decades.

Roots of U.S. Foreign and Defense PolicyLO 19.1: Trace the evolution of U.S. foreign and defense policy. Isolationism in the early republic Growing power and influence World War I and the League of Nations The interwar years To Learning Objectives

Isolationism in the Early Republic The Embargo Act of 1807 The War of 1812 The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 To Learning Objectives LO 19.1

Growing Power and Influence Trade policy and commerce Expansionism and manifest destiny Dominance over the western hemisphere The Roosevelt Corollary of 1904 Interest in Asia The Spanish-American War To Learning Objectives LO 19.1

World War I and the League of Nations World War I League of Nations Collective security Failure to pass the Treaty of Versailles To Learning Objectives LO 19.1

The Interwar Years Disarmament Isolationism The Kellogg-Briand Pact To Learning Objectives LO 19.1

The United States’ growing interest in Asian affairs was the result of the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. the Spanish American War of 1898. the Monroe Doctrine. the League of Nations. the Paris Peace Conference. To Learning Objectives LO 19.1

The United States as a World PowerLO 19.2: Explain the developments that led to the rise of the United States as a world power. World War II and its aftermath The Cold War and containment Détente and human rights The Post-Cold War world The war on terrorism To Learning Objectives

World War II and Its Aftermath The U.S.  internationalism Bretton Woods System The International Monetary Fund (IMF) The World Bank The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) To Learning Objectives LO 19.2

The Cold War and Containment Containment The Truman Doctrine The Marshall Plan North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) The Cold War Latin American: The Cuban Missile Crisis The Vietnam War To Learning Objectives LO 19.2

Détente and Human Rights Nixon and detente The “China card” The SALT agreements Carter and human rights The Reagan Doctrine Afghanistan To Learning Objectives LO 19.2

The Post-Cold War World Operation Desert Storm Clinton and enlargement Economic: The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Political To Learning Objectives LO 19.2

The War on Terrorism September 11 and the war in Afghanistan The war in Iraq To Learning Objectives LO 19.2

Enlargement was a foreign policy objective of ___________. Clinton Reagan Carter Nixon Bush II To Learning Objectives LO 19.2

Foreign and Defense Policy Decision MakingLO 19.3: Outline the actors that shape foreign and defense policy decision making. The Constitution The Executive Branch The President The National Security Council The Departments of State, Defense, and Homeland Security The Intelligence community To Learning Objectives

Congress Oversight Treaties and executive agreements Appointments – weakly exercised Appropriations The War Powers Act To Learning Objectives LO 19.3

Interest Groups Other actors can become active in foreign policy decision-making The military industrial complex News media, which acts as a filter Public opinion, interest, and action Nongovernmental organizations To Learning Objectives LO 19.3

All of the following officials or bodies tend play a decisive role in foreign policy EXCEPT Congress The president The Department of State The Supreme Court The intelligence community To Learning Objectives LO 19.3

Contemporary Challenges in Foreign and Defense PolicyLO 19.4: Identify four foreign and defense policy challenges confronting the United States. Trade Immigration and border security Terrorism Nuclear weapons To Learning Objectives

Trade Free trade system Making trade policy NAFTA WTO The Case of China 1949-1979 economic isolation The U.S.-China bilateral trade agreement (1979) 2001 China joins WTO To Learning Objectives LO 19.4

Immigration and Border Security Making immigration policy Open door policy Restrictive quotas Border blockades The case of Mexico To Learning Objectives LO 19.4

Terrorism Making counterterrorism policy Diplomacy – get other states on board Military power Economic power Covert operations The case of Al-Qaeda To Learning Objectives LO 19.4

Nuclear Weapons Making arms proliferation policy disarmament arms control denial defensive weapons counterproliferation The case of North Korea The International Atomic Energy Association (IAEA) To Learning Objectives LO 19.4

Which of the following is a foreign policy strategy to deal with nuclear proliferation? The open door policy Free trade agreements Defensive weapons systems Covert operations Border blockades To Learning Objectives LO 19.4

Toward Reform: Rethinking American PowerLO 19.5: Evaluate the shift in thinking about American power that has occurred in recent decades. Unilateralism The United States emerged from the Cold War as the world’s dominant power. It was able to act unilaterally. Lengthy wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and a struggling global economy weaken it. Multilateralism China is primary challenger and a potential partner League of Democracies To Learning Objectives

The U.S. became the world’s major superpower after ___________. WWII Vietnam WWI 9/11 the end of the Cold War To Learning Objectives LO 19.5

To Learning Objectives Figure 19.1: How has defense spending changed over time? Back

To Learning Objectives Figure 19.2: Who are the United States’ major trading partners? Back

Chapter 19 Foreign and Defense Policy