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Academic Writing- Nov. 9th, 2021

A presentation about the uses of singular and plural, synonyms, and time words.

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Academic Writing- Nov. 9th, 2021

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  1. Nov. 9th, 2021 SINGULAR OR PLURAL ? Academic Writing II

  2. SINGULAR AND PLURAL A singular noun names one person, place, thing, or idea, while a plural noun names more than one person, place, thing, or idea. There are a few basic rules to remember when it comes to turning a singular noun into a plural noun. Most singular nouns form the plural by adding -s. House- houses, river-rivers, cat- cats. A singular noun ending in s, x, z, ch, sh makes the plural by adding-es. bus- buses, wish- wishes, box- boxes.

  3. SINGULAR AND PLURAL C. A singular noun ending in a consonant and then y makes the plural by dropping the y and adding-ies. Baby- babies, city-cities, spy-spies} D. There are some irregular noun plurals Man- men, child- children, foot, feet, person- people. Irregular verb/noun agreement Some nouns have a plural form but take a singular verb. NEWS: The news is at 7:00 p. M. LINGUISTICS: Linguistics is the study of language.

  4. FIVE MAIN AREAS OF DIFFICULTY WHEN CHOOSING SINGULAR OR PLURAL (a) Nouns should agree with verbs, and pronouns with nouns: Those problems are unique. There are many arguments in favour (b) Uncountable nouns and irregular plurals usually have no final ‘s’: Most students receive free tuition. I saw two deer while I was walking through the forest.

  5. FIVE MAIN AREAS OF DIFFICULTY WHEN CHOOSING SINGULAR OR PLURAL (c) General statements normally use the plural: Public universities offer free payment careers. (d) ‘Each/ every’ are followed by singular noun and verb forms: Every citizen has the right to vote. (e) Two linked nouns should agree: Both children and adults are important for us.

  6. UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS (a) Most nouns in English are countable, but the following are generally uncountable, i.e. they are not usually used with numbers or the plural Information knowledge progress education news weather behaviour work data traffic Two members of staff. A piece of advice. (can be ‘counted’ by using an extra noun)

  7. Singular or Plural 1) Certain group nouns, like team, army, and government can be followed by either a singular or plural verb: TRUE/ FALSE 2)Which of the following a plural noun: Analysis Analyses Analysies 3) There are many in the knoll.

  8. SYNONYMS Academic Writing II

  9. WHAT ARE SYNONYMS? Synonyms are words that have the same meaning as another word in the same language. Synonyms are different words with a similar meaning. Those are used to avoid repetition. Synonyms should also be used when paraphrasing or note-making to avoid plagiarism.

  10. EXAMPLES OF SYNONYMS Bad: awful, terrible, horrible. Good: fine, excellent, great. Hot: burning, fiery, boiling Cold: chilly, freezing, frosty

  11. EXAMPLES OF SYNONYMS Easy: Simple, effortless, straightforward Hard: difficult, challenging, tough Big: large, huge, giant Small: tiny, little, mini

  12. SYNONYMS Can synonyms also be applied in phrases? TRUE/ FALSE Which of the following is a synonym of record: Archive Gravel Greedy 3) What is a synonym of homework?

  13. TIME WORDS Academic Writing II

  14. WHAT ARE TIME WORDS? Basically are words which expresses or specifies time.

  15. HOW TIME WORDS ARE USED? FOR (with numbers, without start date) I stayed in the United States for 4 years. BY (on or before) Students will be finishing their semester by December 15th. SINCE (with present perfect, must specify start date) I have practiced sports since June, 2013. UNTIL (end of a period) They are working abroad until September.

  16. HOW TIME WORDS ARE USED? AGO (usually with past) Some people were happier two years ago. BEFORE (often followed by -ing form; also after) Before taking a decision, you must think a lot. LATER (often used with numbers; also earlier) He applied in May and was accepted two months later.

  17. TIME WORDS The time word recently is used with present perfect tense: TRUE/ FALSE If is necessary to use a starting date, which of the following time words can be used? A. for B. since C. earlier D. ago Complete the following statement with a suitable time word: She has been in New York ________ June 2013.

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