Sexual Harassment

1. Pamela Thomason: Pamela Thomason: Sexual Harassment A Staff Workshop

2. Pamela Thomason: What is it? sex-u-alha-rass-ment \`sek-sh(e-)wel he-`ras-ment\ n (1975): • According to Merriman-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary (3rd Ed.), it is: uninvited and unwelcome verbal or physical conduct directed at an employee because of his or her sex.

3. A Legal Definition Sexual harassment is any unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature when:

4. Quid Pro Quo You got the part! • Submission to the conduct is made either explicitly or implicitly a term or condition of instruction, employment, or participation in other University activity, • Submission to or rejection of such conduct by an individual is used as a basis for evaluation in making academic or personnel decisions, or

5. Hostile Environment Such conduct has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with an individual’s performance or creating an intimidating, hostile, or offensive University environment.

6. Necessary Showings • The conduct must be severe or pervasive • “Mere offensive utterances” do not constitute sexual harassment. • Courts look at all of the circumstances to determine whether a reasonable person would consider the conduct to be severe or pervasive from the victim’s viewpoint. • Frequency and severity are balanced.

7. Social Context Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services Determining whether a reasonable person would consider behavior to be severe requires “careful consideration of the social context in which the particular behavior occurs and is experienced by its target.” “The real social impact of workplace behavior often depends on a constellation of surrounding circumstance, expectations, and relationships which are not fully captured by a simple recitation of the words used or the physical acts performed.”

8. Example • Is a football player’s environment severely or pervasively abusive if the coach smacks him on the buttocks as he heads onto the field? • Would the same behavior reasonably be experienced as abusive by the coach’s secretary back at the office?

9. Is this sexual harassment? A role play exercise

10. Employee’s Supervisor’sStory Story I was impressed with her work, and gave her a special assignment that would help her to expand her abilities as well as help the department move forward. I thought the project had real potential. I invited her to dinner so we could talk over her ideas in a more relaxed atmosphere. I thought this would be helpful since she seems very bright but is nervous and shy in group meetings. I enjoyed getting to know her better and I could tell the feeling was mutual. We had a good time and the discussion was productive. Since our meeting, I haven't seen much of her. I’m surprised that after such a promising start she seems less interested in my help. I guess she changed her mind about the assignment. It makes me wonder if she’s really promotion material. I was excited about my new assignment on a special department project I was flattered when my boss suggested we discuss it over dinner. At first I felt uncomfortable about meeting him in a social setting but, deciding that I was being paranoid, agreed. During dinner, we began to discuss the new project. As the evening progressed, the conversation shifted to very personal topics, including my present and past boyfriends. I tried to shift the conversation back to something related to work but he kept drifting back to personal issues. Occasionally he touched my hand and told me he thought I was attractive. As we were getting ready to leave, he stood uncomfortably close to me and patted me on the arm. I felt nervous about the way he was relating to me but I was afraid to offend him by saying anything. Now I find myself avoiding him even though I respect his opinions and need need his guidance to do well in my department.

11. Non-productive behaviors • Missing work, taking extended breaks, finishing projects late • Accepting favors, like getting the part or missing work without penalty • Engaging in similar conduct, like putting up retaliatory pin-ups to “see how they like it” • Engaging in provocative conduct • Gossiping about it

12. What do you see? • A fashionable young woman from a bygone era? • An ugly woman with exotic taste in hats? • Which one is the truth?

13. The case of the lovelorn revenue agent A true story

14. Is this a hostile work environment? Ellison and Gray are revenue agents in the same office. According to Ellison, Gray pesters her and hangs around her desk. Ellison declines an invitation to go out for drinks and suggests lunch the next week but then tries to stay away from the office during lunch time to avoid having to go. Sometime during the next week, Gray uncharacteristically wears a three piece suit and asks Ellison to lunch. She declines.

15. Is it now? • Gray gives Ellison the following note: “I cried over you last night and I’m totally drained today. I have never been in such constant term oil (sic). Thank you for talking with me. I could not stand to feel your hatred for another day.” • Ellison leaves the room after reading the note and Gray follows her. Ellison leaves the building.

16. What about now? • Ellison gets Gray’s note on Wednesday. He calls in sick on Thursday and Ellison is off Friday. The next Monday she starts four weeks of training out of town. • Gray sends Ellison a three-page typed single spaced letter which states in part: “I know you are worth knowing with or without sex.... Leaving aside the hassles and disasters of recent weeks, I have enjoyed you so much over these past few months. Watching you. Experiencing you from O so far away. Admiring your style and élan.... Don’t you think it odd that two people who have never even talked together, alone, are striking off such intense sparks. . . I will [write] another letter in the near future.”

17. Does Gray’s intent matter? • Suppose Gray sees himself as a modern day Cyrano de Begerac wishing no more than to woo Ellison with his words? There is no evidence that Gray harbors any ill will toward Ellison. • In his three page love letter, Gray offers to leave Ellison alone if she wishes.

18. Other examples of conduct that can create a hostile environment • The lovesick puppy syndrome • A suitor who will not take “no” for an answer • Maybe he or she hangs around, mooning over the unattainable beloved • Invading body space • Calling someone offensive or disrespectful terms (like “babe” or “honey”) • Be sensitive to differing cultural norms

19. Examples of conduct that does NOT create a hostile environment • Conduct that a reasonable person, similarly situated would not find to be pervasive or severe • Isolated instances of “mere offensive utterances” • Asking a co-worker for a date and taking no for an answer

20. What can you do about offensive conduct that is not yet severe or pervasive? • Say you do not like it and ask the person to stop. • Tell your supervisor. • If the conduct is repeated it can become a violation and the offender can be advised of this. • The victim could begin to keep a log or diary of the conduct, including dates, times, witnesses, direct quotes, and any documents or photographs.

21. Resources for assistance in making a direct response and beyond • Information centers can assist in figuring out how to approach a harasser and what to say. • The Ombuds Office offers confidential assistance and can help mediate an issue or dispute. • Emotional distress is one of the human costs of harassment. Help is available at the Staff and Faculty Counseling Center. • If someone fears harm—call the police

22. Filing a complaint

23. Why is it important? • A complaint can protect the victim and others. • Only by confronting a social problem can it be corrected. • Laws or policies and their enforcement really do make a difference. • Title VII has changed the face of American workplaces. • Women make up more than 50% of UCLA’s enrollment.

24. How do you do it? • The status of the alleged harasser determines the applicable procedure. • Three basic status choices • Student • Staff • Faculty

25. A staff member or patient? A student? A faculty member? Jim Justiss Director, Employee Relations x40500 Dr. Neil Parker Senior Associate Dean of Student Affairs, 310-825-6774 Pamela Thomason Sexual Harassment Coordinator x63417 Who is the alleged harasser?

26. Summary of options for addressing sexual harassment • Speak directly to the harasser. • Speak to your supervisor. • Initiate an investigation by filing a complaint. • Contact the Ombuds Office. • File a complaint with a law enforcement agency.

27. A Message from the Assistant Vice Chancellor Sexual Harassment is against the law and University policy. I strongly believe that the University environment should be free of sexual harassment and will take all reasonable steps necessary to prevent it from occurring and to correct it if it does. No one is exempt. I urge you to contact your supervisor or one of the other campus resources if you experience or learn of sexual harassment. It will make a better work and educational environment for all of us. Jack Powazek