1 / 39

Asia, Australia, and Oceania

Asia, Australia, and Oceania. Part 2 South Asia. Population.

zuwena
Download Presentation

Asia, Australia, and Oceania

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Asia, Australia, and Oceania Part 2 South Asia

  2. Population The population of South Asia is now well over 1.3 billion. Pakistan has over 150 million people, while India has topped 1 billion. If current trends continue, India should surpass China in the middle of the 21st century as the most populated nation on earth. South Asia’s population density is about 7 times the world average.

  3. Mumbai, India

  4. Delhi, India

  5. Karachi, Pakistan Islamabad, Pakistan

  6. The Himalayas are the most dominant physical feature in South Asia.

  7. Mount Everest has the highest elevation on Earth, at 29,035 feet above sea level.

  8. Over 2000 people have made it to the summit of Everest, while over 200 have lost their lives on the mountain. Many of their bodies have never been recovered.

  9. How Did the Himalayas Form?

  10. As in other parts of the world, there are places in South Asia that are not as habitable. The coastal and river valley regions are densely populated while the more mountainous and desert regions are not as hospitable to live in. South Asians depend heavily on the seasonal rains that arrive yearly during the MONSOON season. Unfortunately, there are also large storms called CYCLONES that sometimes form in the Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal that do tremendous damage.

  11. Despite its large population, South Asia is still quite rural. There are huge cities such as Bombay and Calcutta, but massive amounts of people live in the countryside, making a living however they can. Problems have arisen as people from the country have migrated to the cities looking for opportunities, and then they can’t find them. Poverty is a way of life for millions.

  12. South Asia Today Unfortunately, the standard of living remains low for most people. The lack of clean water, and proper nutrition are big setbacks. Many people remain poor peasant farmers who do what they can to get by. Some of the major crops raised are cotton, rice, wheat, tea, and rubber. Fish are an important natural resource, and some mining is done.

  13. The rate of industrial growth varies throughout the region. Manufacturing of TEXTILES (clothing), has become a big business. With its huge workforce, India has the potential to become a great industrial country. The tourist industry has lured in people interested in hunting, photographing wildlife, or mountain climbing.

  14. Languages/Religion Many languages are spoken throughout the region. India alone has 14 major languages, and hundreds of local dialects. Having been a former British colony, English is still used in government business, but Hindi is the official language.

  15. Hindus make up the largest religious group in South Asia.

  16. Hinduism • After Christianity and Islam, Hinduism is the world’s third largest religion. • Hindus believe that people live according to their DHARMA, or moral duty. • Good and bad deeds are punished by the law of KHARMA. • People are also REINCARNATED, until weaknesses and earthly desires are overcome.

  17. Today, in Hindu majority nations like India and Nepal, cow milk continues to hold a central place in religious rituals. In honor of their exalted status, cows often roam free. In some places, it is considered good luck to give one a snack, or fruit before breakfast. In places where there is a ban on cow slaughter, a citizen can be sent to jail for killing or injuring a cow.

  18. Hindu Pilgrims in the Ganges

  19. Buddhism • A prince named Siddhartha Gautama was born in what is now known as Nepal, about four centuries before Christ. • In time, he became known as Buddha or the “Awakened One”. • He taught that people should think clearly, act wisely, and treat others with kindness.

  20. Although it developed in South Asia, Buddhism is more widely practiced in East and Southeastern Asia. • Rather than being a religion with a main god or gods, it is somewhat of a philosophy and/or lifestyle. • Buddhists believe that a person can enter a state of insight, calm, and happiness called NIRVANA. • Meditation is also part of their faith, and many seek to avoid self-indulgence.

  21. The Four Noble Truths • #1 Suffering is an inherent part of existence. • #2 The origin of suffering is ignorance and the main symptoms of that ignorance are attachment and craving. • #3 Attachment and craving can be ceased. • #4 Following the Noble Eightfold Path will lead to the cessation of attachment and craving and therefore suffering.

  22. The Noble Eightfold Path Right Understanding Right Thought Right Speech Right Action Right Livelihood Right Effort Right Mindfulness Right Concentration

  23. The Caste System One of the earliest world civilizations developed in the Indus River valley in present-day Pakistan. After their decline, a new group known as the Aryans developed. One of the legacies they left behind was a rigid system, that divided people into social classes called CASTES from which they could not change. This system thrived in India for centuries, and still exists.

  24. Brahmins – Teachers, Scholars, and Priests • Kshatriyas – Kings and Warriors • Vaishyas – Traders • Shudras – Farmers, service providers, some artisan groups • Dalits – the “Untouchables” The term “untouchable” was outlawed in India’s constitution. The Caste System is not as common in India’s cities, but is very common in the countryside.

  25. Invasions/Empires • South Asia was ruled by many groups over the centuries. • By the 1100’s Muslims had arrived. • The Portuguese were the first Europeans to arrive, with Britain eventually becoming a dominant power. • By the 20th century many of the people wanted to be free from foreign control. One man, Mahatma Gandhi, encouraged people to use nonviolent methods to achieve their desires.

  26. Mahatma Gandhi 1869 – 1948 Believed in living a simple, self-sufficient life. He was a major influence in helping India gain independence. His non-violent means of protest have inspired many people.

  27. Britain was the major colonizer in South Asia. The area that became India was primarily Hindu, while West and East Pakistan were mainly Muslim.

  28. India and Pakistan have fought over the region known as KASHMIR. India has also had border disputes with China. What makes this especially dangerous, is that Muslim Pakistan and Hindu India are both nuclear powers.

  29. Nuclear weapons on the Indian subcontinent make it a world hotspot.

  30. Pakistan also shares a rugged, somewhat lawless border with Afghanistan. It is believed Osama bin Laden may be there.

  31. Pakistan has been somewhat helpful in America’s war against terrorism. However, some people don’t think they have helped enough. • The situation is tough, because we have given aid to Pakistan, yet many of its citizens are radical Muslims and dislike the west. • There is a concern about who will have control of the nuclear weapons if Pakistan becomes very unstable.

  32. Benazir Bhutto was the daughter of Pakistan’s first president. In 1988, she became the first female leader of a Muslim country. In 2008, she was going to run for office again, but was assassinated in December of 2007, causing people to question the future of democracy in Pakistan.

More Related