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MINER n A (Main INjector ExpeRiment v-A)

MINER n A (Main INjector ExpeRiment v-A). A High-Statistics Neutrino Scattering Experiment Using an On-Axis, Fine-grained Detector in the NuMI Beam. Argonne - Athens - California/Irvine - Colorado - Dortmund - Duke - Fermilab -

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MINER n A (Main INjector ExpeRiment v-A)

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  1. MINERnA (Main INjector ExpeRiment v-A) A High-Statistics Neutrino Scattering Experiment Using an On-Axis, Fine-grained Detector in the NuMI Beam Argonne - Athens - California/Irvine - Colorado - Dortmund - Duke - Fermilab - Hampton - I I T - INR/Moscow -James Madison - Jefferson Lab Minnesota - Pittsburgh - Rochester - Rutgers - South Carolina - Tufts 18 Groups:Red = HEP, Blue = NP, Green = Theorists only Jorge G. Morfín - Fermilab CERN 17 September 2003 Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  2. 52 Collaborators (so far…) S. Kulagin Institute of Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia I.Niculescu James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia A.Bruell, R. Carlini, R.Ent, D.Gaskell, J. Gomez, C.E.Keppel. W.Melnitchouk, S.Wood Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia M.DuVernois University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota S. Boyd, D. Naples, V. Paolone University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania A.Bodek, H. Budd, P. de Babaro, G. Ginther, S, Manly, K. McFarland, W. Sakumoto, P. Slattery, M. Zielinsky University of Rochester, Rochester, New York R.Gilman, C.Glasshausser, R.Ransome Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey T.Bergfeld, A.Godley, S.R.Mishra, C.Rosenfeld University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina H.Gallagher, W.A.Mann Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts J.Arrington, D.H.Potterveld, P.E.Reimer Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois C.Andreopoulos, G.Mavromanolakis, P.Stamoulis, N.Saoulidou, G.Tzanakos, M.Zois University of Athens, Athens, Greece D.Casper University of California, Irvine, California E.R.Kinney University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado E. Paschos University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany D.Dutta Duke University, Durham, North Carolina D.Harris, M. Kostin, J.G.Morfin, P.Shanahan Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois M.E.Christy Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia N.Solomey Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  3. For more information… For more details than time this morning allows - Salle B 14:00 Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  4. MOTIVATION Why, after nearly 40 years of accelerator n experimentation,as we are pushing the energy frontier, are we still interested in lower energy n scattering physics? Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  5. NuMI Beamline on the Fermilab Site Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  6. Det. 2 Det. 1 NuMI Facility / MINOS Experiment at Fermilab • Precision examination of atmospheric n anomaly Energy distribution of oscillations • Measurement of oscillation parameters • Participation of neutrino flavors • Direct measurement of n vs n oscillation • Magnetized far detector: atm. n’s. • Likely eventual measurement with beam Far Detector: 5400 tons. O(2Kevts/year) Finished! Near Detector 980 tons NuMI: Neutrinos at Main Injector 120 GeV protons 1.9 second cycle time Single turn extraction (10ms) Beam: POT Late 2004 Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  7. NuMI Beamline Geometry • Target-Horn Chase: 2 parabolic horns. 50 m • Decay Region: 1m radius decay pipe. 675 m • Hadron Absorber: Steel with Al core 5 m • Muon range-out: dolomite (rock). 240 m • Near Detector Hall 45 m Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  8. NuMI Neutrino Beam (zoom-lens) Configurations • Horn 1 position fixed - move target and horn 2 to change mean energy of beam. • Three “nominal” configurations: low-, medium-, high energy. • In addition, “semi-me” and “semi-he” beams. Horns left in le configuration and only target moved. Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  9. NuMI Neutrino Spectrum nm CC Events/kt/year Use LOW ENERGY Beam Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  10. How Important are Low-energy Neutrinos? Seeing the “dip” in the oscillation probability is a goal of MINOS VERY Difficult at lowDm2. • CC energy distributions have two important complications at low energy: • Difference between Evis and En due to nuclear effects (particularly re-scattering). • A required subtraction of NC events that fake low energy CC. • In both cases MINOS, as well as all other oscillation experiments, will have to rely on MC. Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  11. Next Generation: NuMI Off-axis Experiment • The dominant oscillation parameters will be known reasonably well from solar/reactor n and from SuperK, K2K, MINOS, CNGS • The physics issues to be investigated are clearly delineated: • Need measurement of missing oscillation probability (q13=qme) • Need determination of mass hierarchy (sign of Dm13) • Search for CP violation in neutrino sector • Measurement of CP violation parameters • (Testing CPT with high precision) Above can be accomplished with the nm ne transition. How do we measure this sub-dominant oscillation? • q13small(≤ 0.1) - maximize flux at the desired energy (near oscillation max) • Minimize backgrounds - narrow energy spectrum around desired energy • One wants to be below tthreshold to measure subdominant oscillation Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  12. The Off-axis Solution More flux than low energy on-axis (broader spectrum of pions contributing) No nasty high-energy tail, which contributes so much background! Neutrino event spectra at a detector located at different transverse locations Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  13. Motivation: Current/Future n Oscillation Experiments use a Few GeV n on a C, O2,Fe or ??? Nucleus MINOS: Neutrino Beam NuMI Off-axis Neutrino Beam We need to understand low energy n-Nucleus interactions for oscillation experiments! Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  14. Motivation: Exclusive Cross-sections at Low Energies - Quasi-elastic: DISMALNo one ever lost money by betting against neutrino experiments being correct. -- Don Perkins • World sample statistics is still fairly miserable! • Cross-section important for understanding low-energy atmospheric neutrino oscillation results. • Needed for all low energy neutrino monte carlos. • “K2K near detector data on water was fit with wrong vector form factors. New (Budd, Bodek, Arrington ) BBA2003 form factors and updated MA have a significant effect on Neutrino oscillations Results.” Quote from Arie Bodek Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  15. Motivation: Exclusive Cross-sections at Low Energies -1-Pion and Strange Particle: DISMAL World’s sample of NC 1-p • ANL •  p n + (7 events) •  n n 0 (7 events) • Gargamelle •  p p 0 (240 evts) •  n n 0 (31 evts) • K2K • Starting a careful analysis of single 0 production. Strange Particle Production • Gargamelle-PS - 15 L events. • FNAL - ≈ 100 events • ZGS - 7 events • BNL - 8 events • Larger NOMAD sample expected CC p–p+ n–p0 n–n+ Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  16. How about sTot? • Low energy (< 10 GeV) primarily from the 70’s and 80’s suffering from low statistics and large systematics (mainly from n flux measurements). • Mainly bubble chamber results --> larger correction for missing neutrals. • How well do we model sTot? D. Naples - NuInt02 Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  17. Motivation: Knowledge of Nuclear Effects with Neutrinos: essentially NON-EXISTENT Fermi motion Anti-shadowing “EMC” effect Shadowing • F2 / nucleon changes as a function of A. Measured (with high statistics) in -A not in - A • Good reason to consider nuclear effects DIFFERENT in  -A.Presence of axial-vector current. SPECULATION: Much stronger shadowing for  -A but somewhat weaker “EMC” effect? Different nuclear effects for valance and sea --> different shadowing for xF3 compared to F2? Different nuclear effects for d and u quarks? • NUCLEAR EFFECTS EXPLAIN SOME/ALL OF THE NuTeV SIN2QW RESULT? • LET’S MEASURE NC/CC AND NUCLEAR EFFECTS WITH  - A1, A2 , A3 ... Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  18. Motivation: Nuclear EffectsA Difference in Nuclear Effects of Valence and Sea Quarks? • Nuclear effects similar in Drell-Yan and DIS for x < 0.1. Then no “anti-shadowing” in D-Y while “anti-shadowing” seen in DIS (5-8% effect in NMC). Indication of difference in nuclear effects between valence & sea quarks? • This quantified via Nuclear Parton Distribution Functions: K.J. Eskola et al and S. Kumano et al Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  19. Motivation: Nuclear EffectsA Specific Look at  Scattering Nuclear Effects: Shadowing • S.A.Kulagin has calculated shadowing for F2 and xF3 in -A interactions. Stronger effect than for m-A interactions • Shadowing in the low Q2 (A/VMD dominance) region is much stronger than at higher Q2. • Major difference between Kulagin and Kumano predictions m-Ca/m-D Kumano Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  20. Experimental Results in  Scattering: Nuclear Effects? Bubble Chamber: Ne/D2 FNAL E-545 Where is the “EMC” effect? CERN BEBC Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  21. Motivation: Comparison of n-A with JLab results on e-A; high xBj pdf • Particular interest in the high -xBj region where there seems to be a discrepancy between global fits and data. • Study of structure functions off various nuclear targets, again at high-xBj, allows comparison with nuclear structure models where sensitivity is the greatest. • Close examination of the non-PQCD and pQCD transition region, in context of quark-hadron duality, with axial-vector probe. • CTEQ working group in association with C. Keppel (Jlab) formed to investigate high -xBj region. Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  22. Motivation: High xBj parton distributionsHow well do we know quarks at high-x? • Ratio of CTEQ5M (solid) and MRST2001 (dotted) to CTEQ6 for the u and d quarks at Q2 = 10 GeV2. The shaded green envelopes demonstrate the range of possible distributions from the CTEQ6 error analysis. Wu-Ki Tung Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  23. We have the Motivation. Can we perform the experiment?Neutrino Event Energy Distributions and Statistics in the NuMI Near Hall • Reasonably expect 2.5 x 1020 pot per year of NuMI running at start-up. • le-configuration: Events- (Em >0.35 GeV) Epeak = 3.0 GeV, <En> = 10.2 GeV, rate = 200 K events/ton - year. • me-configuration: Events- Epeak = 7.0 GeV, <En> = 8.5 GeV, rate = 675 K events/ton - year s-me rate = 540 K events/ton - year. • he-configuration: Events- Epeak = 12.0 GeV, <En> = 13.5 GeV, rate = 1575 K events/ton - year s-he rate = 1210 K events/ton - year. With E-907 at Fermilab to measure particle spectra from the NuMI target, expect to know neutrino flux to ≈±3%. Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  24. MINOS Parasitic Running: Statistics & Topologies • MINOS oscillation experiment uses mainly le beam with shorter s-me and s-he runs for control and minimization of systematics. • An example of a running cycle would be: • 12 months le beam • 3 months s-me beam • 1 month s-he beam • Consider 2 such cycles (3 year run) with 2.5x1020 protons/year: 860 K events/ton. <En> = 10.5 GeV • DIS(W > 2 GeV, Q2 > 1.0 GeV2):0.36 M events / ton • Quasi elastic: 0.14 M events / ton. • Resonance + “Transition”: 0.36 M events / ton - 1 p production: 0.15 M events / ton. Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  25. MINOS Parasitic Running: x, Q2 and W2 Events / ton elastic + resonance Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  26. Prime User: he Event Energy Distribution • Run he beam configuration! <En> = 13.5 GeV • For example, 1 year neutrino plus 2 years anti-neutrino would yield: 1.6 M n - events/ton0.9 M n - events/ton • DIS (W > 2 GeV, Q2 > 1.0 GeV2): 0.85 M n events / ton 0.35 M n events / ton • Shadowing region (x < 0.1): 0.3 M events/ton Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  27. Detector: Physics Requirements • Good separation of NC and CC events • Good identification and energy measurement of m- and e± • Identification and separation of exclusive final states • Quasi-elastic mn–p, ene–p - observe recoil protons • Single0, ± final states - reconstruct 0 • Multi-particle final-state resonances • Reasonable electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry for DIS • Accurate measurements of xBj, Q2 and W. • Multiple targets of different nuclei Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  28. Basic Conceptual Design: • Triangular ≈ (2-3 cm base x 1-2 cm height) scintillator (CH) strips with fiber readout. Fully Active(lint = 80 cm, X0 = 44 cm) / alternate with C planes > rand nuclear tgt. • Example fid. vol: (r = .8m L = 1.5 m):3 tons pure plastic or 5 tons with graphite R = 1.5 m - p: m =.45 GeV/c, p = .51, K = .86, P = 1.2 R = .75 m - p: m =.29 GeV/c, p = .32, K = .62, P = .93 • Surround fully active detector with em-calorimeter, hadron-calorimeter and magnetized m-id / spectrometer • Nuclear targets: 1 cm thick planes of C, Fe and Pb.- Total mass 2 tons • 44 planes C: graphite planes +Scintillator • 12 planes Fe: backscatter hadron cal • 8 planes Pb: • Use MINOS near detector as forward m-identifier / spectrometer. • Attempt to constrain detector size so can be moved to an off-axis position. Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  29. Basic Conceptual Design: (A. Bodek, D. Casper and G. Tzanakos)Overall dimensions and relative volumes currently being determined X EM Calorimeter: 2 mm = 1.5 mm Pb and two 0.25 mm stainless on each side V U X Active Scintillator / Graphite detector V U Magentized Hadron Cal + m- Id/spec. Fiducial Volume Downstream end: EM Calorimeter plus HadCal Coils - bottom sides only Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam 15 mm 2 mm

  30. Downstream End - just upstream of MINOSnear Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  31. Why plastic scintillator with fiber?Scintillator/Fiber & VLPC R&D at Fermilab • Scintillation detector work at Fermilab • Scintillation Detector Development Laboratory • Extruded scintillator • Fiber characterization and test • Thin-Film facility • Fiber processing: Mirroring and coatings • Photocathode work • Diamond polishing • Machine Development • Diamond polishing • Optical connector development • High-density Photodetector packaging Scintillator Cost < $ 5 / kg Polymer Dopant Continuing development of D0 VLPC readout with $750K grant. Produced D0-type arrays for detailed device analysis at low cost compared to D0 Goal: Demonstrate X10 cost reduction for VLPC. Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  32. Example of Event Profiles in Scintillator Detector S. Boyd and D. Casper CC: En = 4.04 GeV, x = .43, y = .37 CC: En = 11.51 GeV, x = ..34, y = .94 “Elastic”: En = 3.3 GeV, x = .90, y = .08 NC: En = 29.3 GeV, x = ..25, y = .46 Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  33. Read-out/Photo-Sensors to ConsiderH. Budd - coordinator • MAPMTs - very safe - currently most favored solution • Well-understood technology, know draw- backs, stable development • Relatively low QE • Not too pricey for M-64 (MINOS price order $20/channel) • Electronics cost: less than MINOS (no QIE chip) • CCD + I I - relatively inexpensive • Commercial off-the-shelf with integrated readout - inexpensive/channel • Relatively low QE • Slow device - no intra-spill timing Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  34. Substrate Gain Drift Region Region Intrinsic Spacer Region Region • e • h Photon • - • + Read-out/Photo-Sensors to Consider - continued • VLPC - “Cool” Devices • Not yet commercial but intense R&D development • For D0 cost order $50/channel - Bross speculates $10/channel “soon” • High QE • Requires cryogenic cooling to reduce noise - system integration task • HPD and APD - Becoming commercial • High QE but low gain • Need high-gain electronics and some significant cooling (not like VLPC) • Less pricey than MAPMT but electronics could cost a bundle • Still need several years R&D Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  35. NuMI Near Hall: Dimensions & Geometry ≈ 100 m underground Length: 45m - Height: 9.6m - Width: 9.5m Length Available for New Detector:26 m Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  36. MINOS Near Detector in the NuMI Near Hall1cm thick CH (4 cm transverse granularity) between 2.5 cm thick Fe plates Even “Partially Instrumented” MINOS planes provide fairly complete coverage for the new detector Plastic & Steel 2 m x 2m detector cross-section Center of the NuMI Neutrino Beam Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  37. Many Detector Questions Still Unanswered(aside from fundamental question of readout/electronics choice) We have a detector with sufficient granularity to resolve 1, 2, 3… particle final states. How do we determine the mass and momentum of these particles? • How much can we do without a central magnetic field? - We can measure stopping proton energy by range. What about the p±/K±/P ambiguity? Can we see the pion decay? How much does de/dx in the last few cms of track help resolve p /P ambiguity?. If we need a B-field would the first 20 planes of MINOS do? • Will a TOF system help the particle ID? - can we resolve the p+/p-- ambiguity via observation of the m+/e+ chain? Can we use the MINOS detector to resolve p+/p-- ambiguity? Can we measure the charge and momentum in MINOS? How well do we measure the 1 p0- state? • How does the plastic perform as an hadronic calorimeter?What is the error on the hadronic energy? Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  38. 2 cm 1cm Other Detectors with Similar Concept New K2K Near Detector 3m EOI for an Off-axis Near Detector. 2 cm x 2cm granularity EOI for a nearer MiniBooNe Detector. Similar detector and granularity 3m Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  39. After initial (MINOS) run -add a Liquid H2/D2(/O/Ar) Target Fid. vol: r = 80 cm. l = 150 cm. 350 K CC evts in LH2 800 K CC evts in LD2 per year he-n running. H_2/D_2 MINOS Near Technically easy/inexpensive to build and operate. Meeting safety specifications the major effort. Planes of C, Fe, Pb For part of run Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  40. Detector (3 ton fid. vol. ): Event Rates; CC - Em > 0.35 GeV Event rates (2.5 x 1020 protons per year) MINOS Off-axis Prime User Prime User Parasitic Parasitic (3 years) (1 year, me- n) (1 year, he-n) (2 year, he -n) CH 2.60 M 2.10 M 4.80 M 2.70 M C 0.85 M 0.70 M 1.60 M 0.90 M Fe 0.85 M 0.70 M 1.60 M 0.90 M Pb 0.85 M 0.70 M 1.60 M 0.90 M LH2 0.15 M0.35 M 0.20 M LD2 0.35 M0.80 M 0.45 M Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  41. n-Scattering Physics Topics with NuMI Beam Energies and Statistics Measure during initial MINOS exposure • Quasi-elastic neutrino scattering and associated form-factors. • ( Contribution of the strange quark to proton spin through n elastic scattering. ) • Resonance production region. • Nuclear effects involving neutrinos, including NC/CC ratio. Need antineutrinos for (maximal) physics output • sin2qW via the ratio of NC / CC (as well as ds/dy from n-e scattering) to check the surprising NuTeV result. • Very high-x parton distribution functions. • Nuclear effects for valence and sea quarks. • Parton distribution functions (pdf) via all 6 structure functions. • Leading exponential contributions of pQCD. • Charm physics including the mass of the charm quark mc (improved accuracy by an order of magnitude, Vcd, s(x) and, independently, s(x.). • Strange particle production for Vus, flavor-changing neutral currents and measurements of hyperon polarization. Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  42. Physics Result: Exclusive States; - Elastic and Resonance Cross-sections and Strange Particle Production • Measure absolute sel and ie s1p to ± 3% (Beam) ± Expt. Systematic: Minimal statistical errors (> 400K events each elastic and 1p). • In the 2-year n run, this experiment would accumulate: 430 K L events in CH, 145 K L in C/Fe/Pb and 90 K L in D2. Could also search for or measure Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  43. Physics with the Elastic Scattering Sample> 400,000 events produced • Q2<0.3 Region, Interest • Determine Ma=radius of axial proton • Compare to Ma from pion electroproduction • Determine quaielastic cross section where most of the events are - for neutrino oscillation in the 1 GeV region , e.g. K2K,JHF MiniBoone. • Sensitive to both Pauli Exclusion and final state ID if a nuclear target is used, e.g. Carbon, Water. Lose Quasielastic events, or misID resonance events. -> - Need to use Jlab Hall B data on D2, C and Fe - Manly Analysis proposal • Low recoil proton momentum P=Sqrt(Q2) • Q2 > 1 GeV2 Region, Interest • Determine deviations from Dipole form factors is it like Gep or Gmp . • Not sensitive to Paul Exclusion, but sensitive to final state ID. -> - Need to use Jlab Hall B data on D2, C and Fe - Manly analysis proposal • Higher recoil proton momentum P=Sqrt(Q2) Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam R. Holt - ANL

  44. Physics with the Resonance (+ Transition Region) Scattering Sample: > 1,000,000 events (400 K 1p)produced Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  45. n n p0 Z N N P Coherent Pion Production Order 200K NC coherent pion events during MINOS parasitic run Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  46. Physics Results: Nuclear Effects Q2 = 0.7 GeV2 (n running only) Ratio Fe/C: Statistical Errors From MINOS Parasitic Run xBjMINOS MINOS all DIS 0.0 - .011.8 % xxx .01 - .02 1.4 10 % .02 - .03 1.3 6 .03 - .04 1.2 4 .04 - .05 1.1 3 .05 - .06 1.1 2.6 .06 - .07 1.0 2.3 Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  47. Physics Results: High-xBj Parton Distribution Functions • The particular case of what is happening at high- xBj is currently a bit of controversial with indications that current global results not correct: • Drell-Yan production results ( E-866) may indicate that high-xBj (valence) quarksOVERESTIMATED. • A Jlab analysis of Jlab and SLAC high x DIS indicate high-xBj quarksUNDERESTIMATED ≈ Statistical Errors for 1 year of he-n (x 1.5 for MINOS parasitic run in CH) xBj CH LH2 LD2 .6 - .65 0.6% 2.2% 1.5% .65 - .7 0.7 2.6 1.7 .7 - .75 1.0 3.7 2.5 .75 - .8 1.3 5 3 .8 - .85 2 7 5 .85 - .9 3 11 7 .9 - 1.0 4 14 10 Measured / CTEQ6 Might be d/u ratio SLAC points CTEQ6 Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  48. Physics Results: Parton Distribution Functions:What Can We Learn With All Six Structure Functions? Recall Neutrinoshave the ability to directly resolve flavor of the nucleon’s constituents: interacts with d, s, u, and c while interacts with u, c, d and s. Using Leading order expressions: • Does s = s and c = c over all x? • If so..... Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  49. Physics Results: Six Structure Functions for Maximal Information on PDF’s R = Rwhitlow Neutrino 1 year he-beam Anti-Neutrino 2 years he-beam + y2 FL X = 0.1 - 0.125 Q2 = 2 - 4 GeV2 Kinematic cuts in (1-y) not shown (1-y)2 Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

  50. Summary - Physics of the Proposal • Quasi-elastic Reaction - (A.Bodek), H. Budd and A. Mann • Precision measurement of s(En) and ds/dQ, constrain n-beam systematics • Precision determination of FA • Study of nuclear effects and their A-dependence e.g. proton intra-nuclear rescattering • Resonance Production (D, N*..) Exclusive channels - A. Bodek and S. Wood • Precision measurement of s and ds/dQfor individual channels • Detailed comparison with dynamic models, comparison of electro- & photo production the resonance-DIS transition region -- duality • Study of nuclear effects and their A-dependence e.g. 1 p<-- > 2 p <--> 3 p final states • Nuclear Effects - A. Bruell, J. G. Morfín and D. Naples • Measure p and p multiplicities as a function of En and A : convolution of quark flavor-dependent nuclear effects and final-state intra-nuclear interactions • Measure NC/CC as a function of EH off different nuclei • Measure shadowing, anti-shadowing and EMC-effect as well asflavor-dependent nuclear effects and extract nuclear parton distributions Neutrino Scattering in the NuMI Beam

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