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Chapter 12

Chapter 12. Change and Conflict In The American West. Gold Fever!. The evolution of the 49ers and how secrets this “golden” can’t ever be kept Where did all of these people come from? Finding the “mother lode”. Gold Fever!. “Gold is where I ain’t!” Chasing the promise of riches

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Chapter 12

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  1. Chapter 12 Change and Conflict In The American West

  2. Gold Fever! • The evolution of the 49ers and how secrets this “golden” can’t ever be kept • Where did all of these people come from? • Finding the “mother lode”

  3. Gold Fever! • “Gold is where I ain’t!” • Chasing the promise of riches • Detrimental to California’s natural beauty

  4. “Home, Home on the Range…” • The tradition of vaqueros; cattle round ups and brands • Free cattle?!?! • Outside of Texas, ranchers could be up to eight times more for their cattle! • Evolution of the Chisholm Trail • Evolution of cattle ranching • Fences, blizzards, railroads, and farmers

  5. Railroads Open the West • Opportunity and Challenge of a Transcontinental Railroad • Started from Omaha and Sacramento – met in the middle – Promontory Point, UT • What were some of the obstacles they faced?

  6. “I’ve been working on the railroad…” • Civil War and gold took many able bodied men • Good timing for bad potatoes • What hardships did the workers face? • Tunnels and brakemen

  7. Lifeline to the West • From 4 Months to 10 Days • Extremely profitable, encouraged expansion west • Excessive shipping rates – a hard lesson in economics

  8. Lost Culture • In what ways did the railroad threaten the existence of Native American culture? • 1. • 2. • What was their reaction? • Believed land could not be bought / sold

  9. Cultural Conflict • The further settlers moved west, the more the conflict intensified • “An obstacle to the progress of settlement and industry” • The nomadic tribes of the Plains were vastly different from those on the east coast

  10. Cultural Conflict • Slaughtering of buffalo by white settlers – the last straw? • The Sand Creek Massacre • Evolution of reservations • A gesture of “goodwill” • Native Americans turn to guerilla style raids to stop settlers from expanding • “Custer’s Last Stand” – Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse, and the Little Big Horn River

  11. Assimilation • How did settlers conquer the Native American tribes? • Dawes Act of 1887 • Massive change to Native American culture

  12. Settling the Plains • Several factors transformed the Plains: • 1. Railroad and regifting the land • 2. The army had subdued the Native Americans • 3. Two federal laws • HA: 150 Acres / 5 Years • MLGA: Ag Colleges • What hardships did homesteaders face?

  13. “In God We Trusted… • In Kansas We Busted” • Many early homesteaders left the Plains; why? • What improvements made life easier for those who stayed?

  14. African Americans • Plains = “The Promised Land” • Why did African Americans migrate west? • Exodusters – • White settlers often pushed black settlers away • i.e. Lincoln, NE

  15. Populists • Populism – favors common interests of people over business interests (wealthy) • Haves v. Have Nots • “Granger Laws” = Int. Comm. Act and the establishment of the ICC • “The people” forced this into place • Establishment of the Greenback Party

  16. Populism • Populist Party is created in Omaha, NE on July 4th, 1892 – why is this significant? • Bring to light the oppression, injustice, and poverty plaguing America • Idealistic • “The power of government – in other words the power of the people – should be expanded” • The movement did not die out but rather was modified (Progressives)

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