DOT POINT 1

1. DOT POINT 1 • Economic, political and social definitions of globalisation • Identify and apply core concepts such as globalisation, citizenship, human rights and democracy • GLOSSARY • Globalisation • Globalisation, economic • Globalisation, political • Globalisation, social

2. Globalisation • Complete the ‘Globalisation’ fill-in-the-gaps handout • Read ‘The globalisation of Isabella’ story and list as many issues relating to globalisation as you can • Then re-write a similar story based on everything you did before coming to class today • Read the ‘Definitions of globalisation’ handout and write a comprehensive definition of globalisation in your glossary

3. Globalisation • Globalisation is an idea that emerged in the 1980s to refer to and/or explain the impact of new patterns of economic, political and cultural activity, especially those relying on communications technology and the rapid flow of finance capital. • Economic increase of finance, trade, production • Political increase of governing organisations • Cultural increase of ICT, media, food, language

4. Globalisation • The world is said to be shrinking, creating a single, expanded, globalising free market and removing the need for nation states. • Free market where prices are determined by unrestricted competition between private business

5. Globalisation • Globalisation is the compression and integration of the world through increased cross-national circulation of money (capital), goods and services (products), knowledge and symbols (information), people (labour), transportation (trade), political ideology (democracy), and communication (ICT).

7. Impact on Australia • Look at the time-line below then describe the experience of people in each of the stages: • Read about how globalisation impacts on Australia in the handout ‘Globalisation: global opportunities and global responsibilities’ then complete questions 1 and 3

8. Economic globalisation • Economic globalisation refers to the increasing occurrence, speed and intensity of production, trading and financial exchange between individuals and bodies across global distances. This is a process which has developed over centuries, even millennia, but is taken by many analysts… to have accelerated and intensified significantly in the post-war period and in particular over the last twenty to thirty years. • (http://www.editiondesign.com/fgf/knowledge/article007.html)

9. Political globalisation • Political globalisation refers to the increasing number and power of human associations which influence or govern the world as a whole. Thus, it has been noted that in 1909 there were 37 inter-governmental organisations (IGOs) and 176 international non-governmental organisations (INGOs), by 1996 there were 260 IGOs and 5,472 INGOs (Held at al. 1999; p.53). • (http://www.editiondesign.com/fgf/knowledge/article007.html)

10. Political globalisation terms • Free Market: Economic trade between states without tariff or other restrictions. • Tariff: An import tax to ‘protect’ locally produced goods or services from competition by overseas goods or services. The tax is passed on to the consumer. • Free Trade Agreement: An agreement between two or more states to reduce or eliminate trade barriers between themselves, but who maintain their own individual tariffs to other states. • Human Development Index (HDI): A measure of social progress reflecting income, education and life expectancy. • Gross Domestic Product (GDP): The total money value of the final goods and services produced in an economy in any year that is positively correlated with standard of living.

11. Political globalisation organisations • Some decisions made by the Australian government are influenced by international governments and organisations, and may not be in the best interests of citizens. • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): International organisation of 30 developed countries with high-income economies with a human development index (HDI) that accepts the principles of representative democracy and free-market economy. • World Trade Organisation (WTO): International organisation that regulates free trade between participating countries who make up more than 95% of total world trade. • International Monetary Fund (IMF): International organisation overseeing the global financial system (eg, stabilises exchange rates) and offers highly leveraged loans mainly to poorer countries. • Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC): Established in 1989 to promote open trade and economic cooperation among Asia-Pacific economies. • Group of Twenty (G20): The Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors is a group of finance ministers and central bank governors from economies comprising 85% of global gross national product, 80% of world trade and 2/3 of the world population. • Includes Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States.

12. Social/cultural globalisation • Cultural globalisation refers to the growth in the exchange of cultural practices between nations and peoples. Although, this is a process that has undoubtedly occurred for thousands of years, economic and political globalisation has enhanced the process enormously in recent decades. In addition, many analysts point to the way new technologies and their exploitation such as commercial air travel, satellite television, mass telecommunications and the internet have created a world where billions now consume identical cultural products – such as pop music, soap opera and sporting events – and employ cultural practices they would never otherwise have encountered – such as foreign food preparations and foreign words and phrases. • (http://www.editiondesign.com/fgf/knowledge/article007.html)

13. Summary • Read the handout ‘Global change and ecological crisis’ and develop definitions of economic, political and social globalisation for your glossary