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Mirror and Lens Properties

Mirror and Lens Properties. Image Properties/Characteristics. Image Properties/Characteristic refer to the image type, orientation, size and distance. Image Type: Real or Virtual Image Orientation: Erect or Inverted Image Size: Smaller, Larger, Same Image Distance: Closer, Farther, Same.

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Mirror and Lens Properties

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  1. Mirror and Lens Properties

  2. Image Properties/Characteristics Image Properties/Characteristic refer to the image type, orientation, size and distance. • Image Type: Real or Virtual • Image Orientation: Erect or Inverted • Image Size: Smaller, Larger, Same • Image Distance: Closer, Farther, Same

  3. IMAGE TYPES Virtual and Real • Virtual Image – an image formed from light rays that actually diverge, but seem to converge if extended. • All virtual images are erect. • Virtual images can not be projected on a screen. • Real Image – an image formed from light rays that actually converge to form the image - All real images are inverted. - Real images can be projected on a screen.

  4. Flat (Plane) Mirror object image hi ho do di do=di ho=hi Image Properties: Image Type: Virtual Image Orientation: Erect Image Height (Size): Same Image Distance: Same

  5. Plane (Flat) Mirror

  6. Flat Mirror Ray Diagram: A 1 1 2 2 B 3 3 4 4 C D E F

  7. Types of Curved Mirrors Concave Mirror (Converging Mirror) Convex Mirror (Diverging Mirror) The focal length (f) is always one-half the distance to the center of curvature (C) from the mirror. In other words, f=C/2.

  8. Concave Mirror Ray Diagram f All light rays parallel and close to the principal axis are reflected through the focal point of the mirror. Image Properties: Image Type: real or virtual Image Orientation: inverted or erect Image Height: smaller, larger, same Image Distance: closer, farther, same

  9. Convex Mirror Ray Diagram f Image Properties: Image Type: Virtual Image Orientation: Erect Image Size: Smaller Image Distance: Closer Light rays parallel and close to the principal axis are reflected such that the reflected light rays would converge at the focal point if extended backwards. The actual light rays diverge.

  10. Flat (Plane) Mirror Image Properties: Image Type: Virtual Image Orientation: Erect Image Height: Same Image Distance: Same

  11. Lenses The focal length for a lens is dependent on both the curvature of the lens, and the lens material.

  12. Convex Lens (Converging Lens)A lens thicker in the center than the edges. f All light rays parallel to the principal axis converge to the focal point after passing through the convex lens. • Image Properties • Image Type: Real or Virtual • Image Orientation: Inverted or Erect • Image Height (Size): Smaller, Larger, Same • Image Distance: Closer, Farther, Same • The image properties of a convex lens are the same as a concave mirror.

  13. Concave Lens (Diverging Lens)A lens thinner in the center than the edges. Image Properties Image Type: Virtual Image Orientation: Erect Image Size: Smaller Image Distance: Closer The light rays parallel to the principal axis refract and diverge after going through the lens, such that if the refracted light rays are extended backwards, then the rays would converge at the focal point for the lens. • The image properties of a concave lens are the same as a convex mirror.

  14. Mirror and Lens Equations and Conventions f=focal length do= object distance di=image distance m = magnification ho = object height hi = image height f = - convex mirror and a concave lens f = + concave mirror and a convex lens di = - for a virtual image di = + for a real image m = - real image m = + virtual image |m| > 1, the image size is enlarged |m| < 1, the image size is reduced |m| = 1, the image is the same size as the object hi = - inverted image hi = + erect image

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